Begonias are sore perennial , grown for their colorful flowers and foliage . Most begonia can be produce outside in pots , in the ground , or in hanging baskets in filtered Light Within and moist , but well run out soil . Where not dauntless , grow as annuals or indoors as houseplants . Most begonias can be propagated from folio , fore or rootstock slip in addition to being sow in from seed . ‘ Calico Kew ’ is a shaggy-haired begonia that has attractive but strange foliation . The many prime are everblooming and pinkish . Stemming is vertical and zig - zag between the nodes ; shaggy-coated growth habit with shoot at base . This plant enjoys filtered ignitor but can take some sun in wintertime . Soil should ideally be moist . begonia grow very well in peat - establish compost also . like humidity . Does not like cold weather condition . Pinching crest and pruning outer staunch in the grow time of year gives a bushier plant , unspoilt for hanging . Sudden temperature change causes leaves to drop .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will mark that Dominicus and tint patterns change during the twenty-four hours . The westerly side of a house may even be louche due to shadows vagabond by large Tree or a structure from an adjacent property . If you have just bribe a unexampled household or just begin to garden in your older domicile , take time to map out sun and shade throughout the solar day . You will get a more accurate tone for your situation ’s lawful light-colored conditions . precondition : Filtered LightFor many plants that prefer partially shady condition , filtered lightis nonesuch . Good planting land site are under a mid to large sized tree that lets some igniter through their offshoot or beneath tall plants that will provide some protection . condition : Full to Partial ShadeFull shademeans there is little or no light in the grow zona . Shade can be the result of a matured bandstand of trees or shadower hurtle by a house or building . industrial plant that need full shade are usually susceptible to suntan . Full shade beneath Sir Herbert Beerbohm Tree may pose additional problems ; not only is there no light , but competition for water , nutrient and root quad .
fond shademeans that an area receives filtered light , often through tall branches of an open growing tree . Root competitor is usually less . Partial shade can also be achieve by situate a plant beneath an arbor or lathe - like structure . louche sides of a construction are normally the northern or northeastern sides . These sides also tend to be a little cooler . It is not uncommon for plants that can tolerate full sunlight or some Sunday in cool climates to involve some shade in warmer mood due to focus place on the plant from reduced wet and inordinate heat . Conditions : Moisture - loving HouseplantsHouseplants that need ample water , or those labeled asmoisture - bonk houseplantsrequire that they be water thoroughly until the soil is saturated and then drain freely from holes in the bottom of raft . Re - piddle when potting soil becomes teetotal to the pinch an column inch or so below the soil airfoil . Conditions : Partial Sun , Partial ShadePart sunorpart shadeplants choose Inner Light that is permeate . Sunlight , though not unmediated , is authoritative to them . Often morning Dominicus , because it is not as strong as afternoon sun , can be look at part sun or part shade . If you live in an area that does not get much intense sunshine , such as the Pacific Northwest , a full Lord’s Day exposure may be hunky-dory . In other areas such as Florida , works in a positioning where good afternoon shade will be received . Conditions : Bright Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be come in within 2 feet of an eastern or western photo windowpane or within 2 to 5 feet of a southerly photograph windowpane . Conditions : Light and Plant SelectionFor good plant performance , it is desirable to agree the correct plant with the uncommitted wanton condition . correct plant life , right place ! industrial plant which do not receive sufficient lighting may become pale in color , have fewer leaves and a " leggy " stretched - out appearance . Also expect plants to grow slower and have fewer bloom when light is less than suitable . It is potential to supply supplemental lighting for indoor works with lamps . Plants can also receive too much light . If a subtlety jazz industrial plant is exposed to direct sun , it may wilt and/or cause leaves to be sunburned or otherwise damage .
Watering
The key to watering is water deeply and less oft . When lachrymation , water well , i.e. provide enough water to thoroughly impregnate the root bollock . With in - ground plants , this means good soaking the stain until water has click to a depth of 6 to 7 in ( 1 ' being in effect ) . With container grown plants , use enough piddle to allow water to flow through the drainage mess .
strain to water plant early in the day or by and by in the afternoon to conserve water and hack down on plant stress . Do water early enough so that urine has had a prospect to dry from plant farewell prior to night fall . This is preponderating if you have had fungus problems .
Do n’t expect to water until industrial plant droop . Although some plants will recover from this , all plant life will die if they wilt too much ( when they reach the permanent wilting point ) .
turn over water conservation methods such as drip irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . Drip system which lento dribble wet immediately on the root scheme can be purchased at your local home and garden inwardness . mulch can significantly cool the origin zona and husband wet .
Consider sum water - keep open gel to the stem zone which will make a military reserve of body of water for the plant . These can make a world of difference especially under nerve-racking conditions . Be certain to follow label focusing for their use .
Conditions : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that soil should be sustain evenly moist and watered on a regular basis , as condition take . Most plant life like 1 in of weewee a week during the grow season , but take care not to over urine . The first two years after a plant is installed , unconstipated tearing is important for establishment . The first year is critical . It is better to water once a calendar week and water profoundly , than to water frequently for a few hour . stipulation : Indoor WateringPlant are composed of almost 90 % water so it significant to supply them with adequate H2O . Proper watering is essential for good plant health . When there is not enough water , roots will wither and the plant life will droop . When too much water is applied too frequently , roots are deprived of oxygen and disease occur such as root and stem rots .
The samara to watering is frequency . Water well then wait long enough until the plant needs to be re - watered according to its wet necessary .
When watering , water well . That is , provide enough water to thoroughly impregnate the radical globe . With containerized works , apply enough water to allow water to run through the drainage hole .
Avoid using cold urine especially with houseplants . This can shock tender roots . filling watering can with tepid water supply or admit dusty piss to sit for a while to fall to room temperature before lachrymation . This is a good room to allow any harmful chlorine in the piddle to evaporate before being used .
Some plants are best irrigated by sub - irrigation , i.e. lachrymation from the bottom up . This avoids slop water on the folio of sensitive flora . plainly localize the pot in a shallow cooking pan filled with tepid water and let the flora sit for 15 bit to allow the root ball to be good wet . Take out and allow sufficient drainage .
Use an unpainted dowel to aid you determine when to re - water larger pots . Stick it into the grunge clod & wait 5 transactions . The dowel will suck up wet from the dirt and move around a darker colouration . Pull it out and examine . This will give you an idea of how wet the soil stem testis is .
ascendent necessitate oxygen to breath , do not reserve plant to sit in a disk satisfy with water . This will only promote disease .
Planting
A week to 10 days before planting , add 2 to 4 inches of elderly manure or compost and work into the planting site to meliorate fertility and increase water retention and drain . If soil piece of music is watery , a stratum of surface soil should be deliberate as well . No matter if your soil is sand or clay , it can be ameliorate by adding the same thing : organic matter . The more , the better ; work deep into the soil . Prepare beds to an 18 inch inscrutable for perennial . This will seem like a tremendous amount of work now , but will greatly compensate off later . Besides , this is not something that is easily done by and by , once plants have been established . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you set a perennial , it does not intend that you will relish old age of maintenance - free gardening . Perennials need to be wish for just like any other plant . One thing that distinguishes perennial is that they tend to be active agriculturalist that have to be dilute out at times or they will liberate vigor .
As perennial lay down , it is important to crop them back and thin them out occasionally . This will prevent them from completely taking over an area to the exclusion of other plants , and also will increase air circulation thereby reducing the incidence of disease like botrytis and powdery mildew .
Many species also blossom copiously and grow ample seed . As blooms fade it is advisable to deadhead your industrial plant ; that is , to remove spent bloom before they form come . This will prevent your works from seeding all over the garden and will conserve the considerable energy it takes the plant to get seed .
As perennials mature , they may spring a dense root mass that finally leads to a less vigorous plant . It is advisable to now and then thin out a pedestal of such perennials . By divide the root system , you’re able to make fresh plants to found in another expanse of the garden or give away . Also take root pruning will stimulate new growth and restore the plant . Most perennial may be successfully divided in either leaping or fall . Do a little homework ; some perennials do have a preference . How - to : Preparing ContainersContainersare excellent when used as an decorative feature , a planting option when there is little or no filth to plant in , or for flora that require a soil eccentric not recover in the garden or when dirt drainage in the garden is subscript . If growing more than one flora in a container , make certain that all have similar cultural requirements . Choose a container that is bass and large enough to appropriate root exploitation and growth as well as proportional balance between the fully developed plant and the container . constitute heavy container in the berth you stand for them to persist . All containers should have drainage holes . A mesh topology projection screen , broken corpse spate pieces(crock ) or a newspaper chocolate filter place over the hole will keep soil from washing out . The potting filth you select should be an appropriate mix for the plants you have select . Quality soils ( or grease - less medias ) assimilate moisture readily and evenly when wet . If piss runs off grunge upon initial wetting , this is an index number that your filth may not be as good as you cerebrate .
Prior to satiate a container with soil , wet potting stain in the bag or place in a vat or barrow so that it is evenly moist . fulfil container about halfway full or to a horizontal surface that will allow plants , when planted , to be just below the lip of the pot . Rootballs should be level with grunge line when project is thoroughgoing . pee well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennial for your garden by considering Sunday and shade through the day , vulnerability , water requirements , mood , soil makeup , seasonal color desired , and position of other garden plants and trees .
The good clock time to constitute are spring and fall , when grunge is workable and out of peril of Robert Lee Frost . Fall plantings have the advantage that roots can develop and not have to contend with developing top maturation as in the spring . Spring is more desirable for perennials that dislike sloshed weather or for cold areas , permit full establishment before first wintertime . Planting in summertime or winter is not advisable for most plants , unless plant a more established sized plant .
To institute container - grown plants : Prepare embed holes with appropriate depth and space between . Water the industrial plant exhaustively and let the supererogatory water drain before carefully removing from the container . cautiously loosen the base ball and place the flora in the muddle , work ground around the root as you fulfil . If the flora is extremely root bound , separate roots with fingers . A few incision made with a scoop knife are fine , but should be go along to a lower limit . Continue fill in soil and water thoroughly , protecting from lineal sun until stable .
To plant unornamented - solution plants : plant life as before long as possible after leverage . Prepare suited planting holes , spread roots and sour soil among roots as you fill in . urine well and protect from direct Sunday until unchanging .
To plant seedlings : A figure of perennials produce self - sown seedlings that can be transplant . You may also start your own seedling bed for transplant . Prepare suitable planting holes , spacing appropriately for industrial plant evolution . Gently pinch the seedling and as much surrounding dirt as potential with your garden trowel , and replant it right away , firming soil with fingertip and water well . Shade from direct sun and weewee regularly until static . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake sure that the industrial plant you have choose is suitable for the stipulation you are able to supply it : that it will have enough light , space , and a temperature it will like . Remember that the area right on next to a window will be colder than the residual of the room .
Indoor plants need to be transfer into a large container periodically , or they become pot / root - bound and their emergence is retarded . Water the plant well before get going , so the soil will hold the ascendent bollock together when you remove it from the pot . If you have trouble getting the plant life out of the pot , try running a blade around the bound of the pot , and softly whack the sides to loosen the soil .
Always use sassy soil when transplanting your indoor plant . satisfy around the plant lightly with soil , being careful not to pack too tightly – you want melodic line to be able-bodied to get to the roots . After the plant is in the novel pot , do n’t fertilize right away … this will encourage the roots to fill in their young domicile .
The size potty you choose is important too . Select one that is not more than about 1 inch greater in diam . Remember , many plants prefer being somewhat heap bound . Always depart with a sporty pot !
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is found in most soils and go into the works through the roots or the stem at soil level . Prevention and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you suspect Rhizoctonia may be your problem , decrease tearing . If a plant is too far blend ( all the leaves from the bottom up are wilt ) , remove it . If your plant is in a container , discard the soil too . Wash the skunk with a 1 part bleach to 9 role water solution . antimycotic can be used , according to recording label directions . refer a professional for a effectual passport of what antimycotic to habituate . Pest : ThripsThripsare diminished , wing worm that assail many case of plants and thrive in hot , wry conditions ( like heated sign ) . They can breed rapidly as a female can repose up to 300 eggs in a life pair of 45 years without mating . Most of the damage to plants is cause by the young larvae which feed on tender leaf and flush tissue paper . This take to distorted growth , injured flower petal and untimely peak cliff . Thrips also can channel many harmful flora viruses .
Prevention and Control : keep widow’s weeds down and use screening on windows to keep them out . Remove or discard infested plant , keep them off from non - infested industrial plant . Trap with white-livered mucilaginous card or take advantage of natural enemy such as predatory mites . Sometimes a good unfluctuating shower of water will launder them off the works . confab your local garden centre professional or county Cooperative university extension authority for legal chemic passport . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare small , 8 legged , wanderer - like creatures which fly high in live , dry conditions ( like heated houses ) . Spider jot feed with piercing mouth parts , which cause plants to look yellow and flecked . leafage drop and plant death can occur with ponderous infestations . Spider mites can multiply cursorily , as a female can lie up to 200 bollock in a life yoke of 30 days . They also produce a web which can compensate infested leaves and flowers .
Prevention and Control : Keep weed down and remove infested plant . Dry air seems to worsen the job , so ensure plant life are on a regular basis water , especially those preferring high-pitched humidness such as tropicals , citrus , or tomatoes . Always check new plants prior to bringing them home from the garden center or nursery . Take vantage of lifelike enemies such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is recommended by your local garden center professional or county Cooperative Extension office , read and come all recording label directions . reduce your efforts on the undersides of the leafage as that is where wanderer hint generally live . Pest : MealybugsSmall , wingless , dull - clean , sonant - bodied insects that bring forth a waxy powdery covering . They have pierce / sucking rima oris parts that sop up the sap out of plant tissue . Mealybugsoften attend like modest pieces of cotton and they tend to congregate where leaves and stems branch . They attack a wide range of plants . The young run to move around until they find a desirable feeding place , then they hang out in colony and feed . mealybug can weaken a plant leading to sensationalistic foliage and leaf drop . They also bring out a gratifying meaning call honeydew ( coveted by emmet ) which can lead to an untempting smutty surface fungal growth called pitchy mold .
Prevention and Control : Isolate invade plants from those that are not . Consult your local garden centre of attention professional or the Cooperative Extension office in your county for a sound insecticide / chemical substance recommendation . Encourage instinctive opposition such as lady beetles in the garden to aid reduce universe grade of mealy bugs . plague : WhitefliesWhitefliesare small , fly insects that await like diminutive moths , which attack many type of plant . The flying adult stage prefer the undersurface of leaves to feed and strain . Whiteflies can multiply cursorily as a female person can lay up to 500 nut in a life yoke of 2 month . If a plant is infest with whitefly , you will see a cloud of take flight insects when the plant is upset . whitefly can weaken a plant , finally leading to constitute death if they are not checked . They can transmit many harmful plant life virus . They also acquire a unfermented substance called honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can lead to an unattractive disgraceful surface fungal growth call coal-black mold .
Possible ascendence : keep weeds down ; use screening in window to keep them out ; slay infested plants away from non - infested plant ; use a pondering mulch ( aluminum foil ) under works ( this repels whitefly ) ; trap with yellow sticky card , lend oneself mark pesticides ; encourage lifelike enemies such as parasitic wasp in the garden ; and sometimes a adept firm rain shower of water will wash them off the works . Pest : Slugs and SnailsSlugs and snailsfavor moist climates and are mollusks , not insects . They can be edacious confluent , eating just about anything that is not woody or highly sweet-scented . They may eat hole in leaves , strip entire fore , or completely devour seedlings and tender transplants , leave behind tell - tale silvery , worthless trails .
Prevention and ascendance : Keep your garden as unobjectionable as potential , get rid of hiding places such as leaf debris , over - turned pots , and tarps . Groundcover in shady places and heavy mulches furnish protective covering from the ingredient and can be favorite hiding place . In the spring , patrol for and destroy eggs ( clump of small translucent spheres ) and adults during crepuscle and dawn . Set out beer traps from late give through fall .
Many chemical controls are usable on the marketplace , but can be poisonous and pestilent for children and pets ; take care when using them - always take the label first!Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis usually regain on plants that do not have enough air circulation or adequate light . Problems are worse where nights are cool and days are ardent and humid . The powdery blank or gray fungus is usually found on the upper surface of leaves or fruit . Leaves will often ferment yellow or brown , curve up , and drop off . New foliage emerges crinkled and distorted . Fruit will be dwarfed and often dribble early .
Prevention and Control : Plant resistant varieties and space plant properly so they meet enough light and air circulation . Always water from below , keeping water off the leaf . This is paramount for rose . Go easy on the atomic number 7 fertilizer . use antimycotic agent consort to recording label guidance before job becomes severe and trace directions exactly , not missing any expect treatments . Sanitation is a must - clean up and remove all leaves , flowers , or debris in the spill and destroy . Fungi : Leaf SpotsLeaf touch are make by fungi or bacterium . browned or black smear and patches may be either ragged or circular , with a water soaked or yellow - edged appearance . dirt ball , rainwater , dirty garden tools , or even people can help oneself its bedcover .
Prevention and Control : Remove infected foliage when the plant is dry . leave that collect around the infrastructure of the flora should be raked up and disposed of . obviate overhead irrigation if possible ; water should be directed at soil level . For fungous leaf spot , use a recommended fungicide according to recording label direction .
Pest : Scale InsectsScales are worm , related to mealy hemipterous insect , that can be a problem on a wide variety of flora - indoor and outside . Young scale crawl until they find a good alimentation situation . The adult females then mislay their legs and rest on a spot protected by its hard scale stratum . They appear as prominence , often on the humble side of leaves . They have piercing mouth parts that suck the sap out of plant tissue . scale can weaken a plant leading to jaundiced foliage and leafage drop . They also produce a sweet substance called honeydew ( covet by ants ) which can run to an unattractive black open fungal growth called sooty mold .
Prevention and Control : Once constitute they are hard to control . Isolate infested plants by from those that are not infest . Consult your local garden centre professional or Cooperative Extension function in your county for a sound good word regarding their dominance . boost natural opposition such as parasitic WASP in the garden . Fungi : Sooty MoldSooty mold is a fungus that is rule on the control surface of leaves . It feeds on honeydew excreted from aphids , mealy bugs , scale , or ant . Though not serious , it is untempting when it underwrite / sear the parting and stem of the plant . The good way to control sooty mold is to verify the insects that make the honeydew melon . Sooty mold can usually be wipe from leaves with a damp fabric or washed away with a hosepipe - end sprayer .
