begonia are tender perennial , grown for their colorful flowers and foliage . Most begonia can be grown outdoors in corporation , in the land , or in hanging handbasket in filtered light and moist , but well drained dirt . Where not hardy , grow as annuals or indoors as houseplants . Most begonias can be propagated from leaf , stem or rhizome cuttings in addition to being sow from germ . The cultivar , ‘ Helen W. King ’ , is a grandiloquent , unsloped begonia that has pink nodding bloom and unincised green leaves . The stem is cane - like with evenly spaced nodes . This flora enjoys filtered light but can take some Sunday in wintertime . Soil should ideally be moist . begonia raise very well in peat - based compost also . Likes humidness . Does not like cold weather .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will acknowledge that sun and shadowiness pattern convert during the twenty-four hour period . The western side of a mansion may even be fly-by-night due to shadows cast by large trees or a structure from an adjacent property . If you have just bought a young home or just beginning to garden in your honest-to-goodness abode , take time to map sunshine and shade throughout the day . You will get a more precise look for your site ’s true wanton conditions . Conditions : Filtered LightFor many plants that prefer partially shady conditions , percolate lightis ideal . serious planting sites are under a mid to large sized tree that lets some light through their branches or beneath tall works that will furnish some protection . Conditions : wet - loving HouseplantsHouseplants that postulate ample water , or those labeled asmoisture - have sex houseplantsrequire that they be watered thoroughly until the soil is saturated and then enfeeble freely from holes in the bottom of pot . Re - weewee when potting soil becomes teetotal to the skin senses an column inch or so below the soil Earth’s surface . Conditions : Partial Sun , Partial ShadePart sunorpart shadeplants prefer spark that is filtered . Sunlight , though not unmediated , is important to them . Often morning sun , because it is not as strong as afternoon sun , can be considered part Sunday or part tad . If you live in an area that does not get much acute sun , such as the Pacific Northwest , a full sun photograph may be o.k. . In other surface area such as Florida , industrial plant in a location where good afternoon shade will be received . condition : lustrous Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be placed within 2 feet of an eastern or western photo window or within 2 to 5 feet of a southerly exposure window . Conditions : Light and Plant SelectionFor good plant performance , it is worthy to touch the correct plant with the available light consideration . Right plant , right place ! Plants which do not get sufficient lighting may become pale in color , have fewer leaves and a " leggy " stretched - out appearing . Also bear plants to raise slower and have fewer blooms when light is less than suitable . It is possible to allow auxiliary inflammation for indoor works with lamp . Plants can also receive too much spark . If a shade have a go at it plant is break to unmediated sunshine , it may wilt and/or get leaves to be sunburned or otherwise damaged .
Watering
The key to lacrimation is piddle profoundly and less frequently . When watering , piss well , i.e. provide enough water to soundly saturate the root lump . With in - ground plant , this imply exhaustively hit it up the soil until water has penetrated to a profoundness of 6 to 7 inch ( 1 ' being estimable ) . With container grown plants , apply enough water to allow water system to flow through the drainage holes .
essay to irrigate plants early in the day or later in the afternoon to conserve water and cut down on plant stress . Do water early enough so that water has had a hazard to dry out from plant leaves prior to night downslope . This is paramount if you have had fungus job .
Do n’t wait to water until plants droop . Although some plants will recoup from this , all plants will die if they wilt too much ( when they reach the permanent wilting point ) .
moot weewee conservation method such as drip irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . Drip organization which slowly drip moisture directly on the root system of rules can be purchased at your local home and garden nerve centre . Mulches can significantly cool the etymon zone and maintain wet .
regard adding piss - saving gels to the tooth root zone which will bind a reticence of water system for the plant . These can make a macrocosm of difference of opinion particularly under stressful conditions . Be certain to follow label directions for their use .
Conditions : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that soil should be retain evenly moist and watered regularly , as conditions require . Most plants like 1 column inch of water a week during the growing time of year , but take care not to over pee . The first two years after a plant is installed , unconstipated lacrimation is significant for establishment . The first year is critical . It is good to water once a week and water supply deeply , than to piddle frequently for a few bit . stipulation : Indoor WateringPlant are composed of almost 90 % water so it authoritative to provide them with adequate water . Proper watering is essential for good plant health . When there is not enough water , roots will wither and the plant will wilt . When too much water is employ too frequently , roots are deprive of O and disease occur such as solution and fore bunk .
The winder to watering is frequency . piss well then wait long enough until the works needs to be re - watered accord to its wet requirement .
When lacrimation , piss well . That is , provide enough water to good saturate the root ball . With containerized works , apply enough water to allow water to flow through the drain holes .
invalidate using cold pee especially with houseplant . This can shock tender root . filling watering can with tepid water or earmark cold water to sit for a while to come to room temperature before watering . This is a good way to allow any harmful chlorine in the water to evaporate before being used .
Some plant are well irrigated by sub - irrigation , i.e. watering from the bottom up . This avoids squelch water on the leaves of sensitive plants . merely invest the pot in a shallow pan filled with tepid urine and let the plant sit for 15 minutes to allow the radical ball to be thoroughly wet . Take out and let sufficient drain .
apply an unpainted joggle to help you determine when to re - water larger pots . Stick it into the soil clump & expect 5 moment . The joggle will absorb moisture from the territory and twist a darker vividness . Pull it out and canvass . This will give you an idea of how wet the soil root ball is .
Roots necessitate atomic number 8 to breath , do not tolerate plants to sit in a saucer filled with water . This will only encourage disease .
Planting
A hebdomad to 10 days before planting , add 2 to 4 inches of cured manure or compost and employment into the planting internet site to amend fertility and increase pee retention and drain . If dirt composing is imperfect , a layer of topsoil should be considered as well . No matter if your soil is sand or clay , it can be improved by adding the same thing : constitutive affair . The more , the better ; work deeply into the soil . Prepare bed to an 18 inch deep for perennials . This will seem like a marvellous amount of work now , but will greatly bear off later . Besides , this is not something that is well done later , once industrial plant have been set up . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you constitute a perennial , it does not mean that you will savor year of maintenance - free horticulture . Perennials need to be cared for just like any other plant life . One thing that tell apart perennials is that they tend to be participating agriculturist that have to be thinned out on occasion or they will loose energy .
As perennial establish , it is significant to cut back them back and thin them out once in a while . This will forbid them from completely take over an surface area to the exclusion of other plants , and also will increase air circulation thereby trim down the incidence of disease like botrytis and powdery mould .
Many species also flower extravagantly and produce copious seed . As bloom of youth fade it is advisable to deadhead your plant ; that is , to take away spend flower before they form seed . This will prevent your plants from seeding all over the garden and will economise the considerable free energy it takes the plant to produce seed .
As perennials mature , they may form a dense root mass that eventually leads to a less vigorous plant life . It is advisable to now and then thin out a stand of such perennials . By dividing the root system , you could make new works to found in another area of the garden or give away . Also steady down pruning will cause unexampled maturation and rejuvenate the plant . Most perennial may be successfully divided in either outpouring or autumn . Do a petty homework ; some perennials do have a preference . How - to : Preparing ContainersContainersare excellent when used as an ornamental feature , a planting selection when there is little or no ground to implant in , or for plant that require a soil type not regain in the garden or when dirt drainage in the garden is deficient . If grow more than one plant in a container , check that that all have like cultural requirements . opt a container that is deep and bombastic enough to take into account root development and ontogenesis as well as proportional Libra between the fully developed plant and the container . Plant expectant container in the space you intend them to stay on . All containers should have drain trap . A mesh topology cover , broken clay pot pieces(crock ) or a theme coffee filter placed over the hole will keep soil from washing out . The potting ground you take should be an appropriate commixture for the plant you have chosen . Quality soil ( or ground - less medias ) absorb moisture promptly and equally when wet . If weewee runs off dirt upon initial wetting , this is an indicant that your soil may not be as good as you think .
Prior to fill a container with dirt , wet potting soil in the bag or place in a tub or wheelbarrow so that it is equally moist . Fill container about halfway full or to a floor that will set aside plants , when found , to be just below the rim of the mess . Rootballs should be unwavering with soil line when project is accomplished . piddle well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennial for your garden by reckon sun and nicety through the Clarence Day , picture , water requirements , mood , dirt makeup , seasonal color desired , and position of other garden plant and trees .
The unspoilt metre to plant are spring and drop , when grime is viable and out of risk of frost . Fall plantings have the advantage that roots can develop and not have to compete with developing top emergence as in the give . Spring is more suitable for perennial that dislike loaded precondition or for colder field , allowing full organization before first winter . Planting in summertime or winter is not advisable for most plants , unless engraft a more established sized plant .
To institute container - grown plant : cook embed holes with appropriate profundity and quad between . irrigate the plant good and let the excess water drain before cautiously take away from the container . Carefully loosen the ascendant formal and place the plant in the hole , go grime around the roots as you fill . If the works is extremely root bound , separate root with digit . A few pussy made with a pocket knife are o.k. , but should be go on to a lower limit . Continue filling in ground and water thoroughly , protecting from direct sunlight until static .
To found bare - root plants : Plant as soon as possible after purchase . Prepare suited planting holes , spread theme and work soil among roots as you fill in . Water well and protect from verbatim sunlight until stable .
To plant seedling : A number of perennials grow ego - sown seedlings that can be transpose . You may also commence your own seedling bed for transplantation . groom suitable planting holes , space suitably for industrial plant development . Gently lift the seedling and as much surrounding soil as possible with your garden trowel , and replant it immediately , tauten soil with fingertips and water well . Shade from direct sun and water regularly until stable . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake certain that the plant you have chosen is suitable for the conditions you are able to allow it : that it will have enough light , space , and a temperature it will like . Remember that the orbit powerful next to a windowpane will be colder than the residual of the room .
Indoor plant call for to be transplant into a turgid container sporadically , or they become corporation / source - bound and their increase is retarded . Water the plant well before starting , so the soil will hold the theme ball together when you remove it from the mass . If you have trouble getting the plant out of the pot , try running a brand around the boundary of the pot , and gently wham the sides to loosen the soil .
Always employ fresh filth when transplanting your indoor plant . Fill around the plant softly with soil , being careful not to pack too tightly – you require melody to be able to get to the roots . After the plant life is in the new pot , do n’t fertilize flop away … this will encourage the roots to fill in their new place .
The size throne you choose is of import too . Select one that is not more than about 1 column inch greater in diam . Remember , many plants favor being somewhat pot reverberate . Always start up with a clean green goddess !
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is found in most soil and embark the plant through the root or the stem at soil level . Prevention and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you suspect Rhizoctonia may be your problem , decrease lacrimation . If a plant life is too far gone ( all the leaves from the bottom up are wilt ) , murder it . If your plant is in a container , discard the soil too . wash away the pot with a 1 part bleach to 9 parts pee solution . antifungal agent can be used , according to label directions . Consult a professional person for a legal recommendation of what antimycotic agent to apply . Pest : ThripsThripsare small , winged insect that snipe many character of plants and flourish in hot , ironical term ( like het up houses ) . They can multiply speedily as a female person can lay up to 300 egg in a animation couple of 45 days without conjugation . Most of the legal injury to plants is make by the new larvae which feed on lovesome foliage and flower tissue . This leads to distorted development , injure efflorescence petals and premature flower fall . Thrips also can transmit many harmful plant viruses .
Prevention and Control : keep weeds down and employ screen on windows to keep them out . move out or discard infest plants , keep them away from non - infested works . Trap with yellow sticky cards or take advantage of natural enemies such as predatory pinch . Sometimes a dependable stiff cascade of pee will wash them off the plant . look up your local garden mall professional or county Cooperative extension office for legal chemical recommendations . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare pocket-size , 8 legged , wanderer - same animate being which thrive in hot , juiceless condition ( like heated planetary house ) . Spider speck feed with piercing sassing voice , which cause plants to appear yellow and stippled . Leaf drop and industrial plant death can occur with heavy infestation . Spider soupcon can multiply chop-chop , as a female can lie up to 200 nut in a aliveness span of 30 daylight . They also raise a web which can cover infested leaves and efflorescence .
Prevention and Control : Keep widow’s weeds down and remove infested plant life . Dry air seems to worsen the problem , so check that plants are on a regular basis water , specially those preferring high humidity such as tropicals , citrus , or tomatoes . Always check new plant prior to institute them home from the garden center or baby’s room . Take reward of instinctive foe such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is recommended by your local garden shopping mall professional or county Cooperative Extension role , show and follow all label directions . centralise your efforts on the underside of the leaves as that is where wanderer mites generally survive . Pest : MealybugsSmall , wingless , thudding - white , easy - corporate louse that produce a waxy powdery report . They have pierce / sucking mouthpiece parts that go down on the sap out of plant tissue paper . Mealybugsoften await like small pieces of cotton fiber and they tend to congregate where leaves and stems branch . They attack a wide grasp of plants . The vernal be given to move around until they find a worthy feeding spot , then they fall out in colony and feed . mealybug can de-escalate a plant life leading to yellow foliation and leafage drop . They also produce a sweet meaning yell honeydew ( coveted by ant ) which can lead to an unattractive grim aerofoil fungous growth called sooty mold .
Prevention and Control : Isolate overrun plants from those that are not . Consult your local garden center professional or the Cooperative Extension post in your county for a effectual insecticide / chemical recommendation . Encourage natural foe such as lady beetles in the garden to assist slenderize population levels of mealy bugs . pestilence : WhitefliesWhitefliesare small , winged insects that look like tiny moth , which round many character of works . The flying adult microscope stage prefers the underside of leaves to course and breed . Whiteflies can multiply quickly as a female person can lie up to 500 egg in a biography span of 2 months . If a plant is infest with whiteflies , you will see a cloud of fleeing insects when the flora is disturbed . whitefly can subvert a plant , eventually leading to plant death if they are not check . They can transmit many harmful flora viruses . They also acquire a sweet heart prognosticate honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can lead to an unattractive black surface fungal growth called coal-black clay sculpture .
Possible controls : keep weeds down ; use screening in window to keep them out ; remove infest plants forth from non - infested plants ; expend a contemplative mulch ( aluminium foil ) under plants ( this repels whitefly ) ; trap with yellow awkward cards , apply pronounce pesticides ; encourage natural foe such as parasitic wasps in the garden ; and sometimes a good regular shower of H2O will wash them off the works . Pest : Slugs and SnailsSlugs and snailsfavor moist mood and are mollusks , not insect . They can be edacious feeders , eating just about anything that is not woody or extremely sweet-smelling . They may eat holes in farewell , strip show entire stalk , or wholly devour seedlings and ship’s boat transplants , leave behind tell - tale silvery , slimy track .
bar and control : Keep your garden as sportsmanlike as possible , get rid of hiding places such as foliage debris , over - turn pots , and tarps . Groundcover in shady place and labored mulch render protection from the elements and can be favorite hiding places . In the bound , patrol for and demolish ball ( clusters of humble translucent sphere ) and adults during dusk and dawn . fix out beer trap from later spring through fall .
Many chemical substance ascendancy are available on the marketplace , but can be poisonous and deadly for children and pets ; take tending when using them - always learn the label first!Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis ordinarily found on plants that do not have enough melodic line circulation or adequate light . trouble are bad where Night are cool and daylight are strong and humid . The powdery whitened or gray fungus is normally found on the upper surface of leaves or yield . leave of absence will often turn yellow or brown , draw in up , and drop off . New foliage emerges crinkled and misrepresented . Fruit will be dwarfed and often drop early .
Prevention and Control : constitute resistant varieties and space works properly so they get adequate light and air circulation . Always body of water from below , keeping water off the foliage . This is preponderant for roses . Go easy on the nitrogen fertilizer . enforce antimycotic according to label directions before problem becomes stark and stick to counseling exactly , not missing any need treatments . Sanitation is a must - clean up and take away all leaves , flower , or detritus in the fall and demolish . fungus : Leaf SpotsLeaf spots are because of fungi or bacteria . Brown or black spots and patches may be either ragged or orbitual , with a piss hock or yellow - butt against appearing . louse , rain , foul garden putz , or even people can facilitate its spread .
Prevention and Control : Remove infected folio when the plant life is dry . Leaves that collect around the base of the plant should be rake up and dispose of . Avoid overhead irrigation if possible ; body of water should be direct at soil degree . For fungal leaf spot , employ a recommended fungicide according to label direction .
Pest : Scale InsectsScales are insect , connect to mealy bugs , that can be a problem on a wide salmagundi of industrial plant - indoor and outdoor . Young scale front crawl until they determine a good eating land site . The adult female then lose their leg and stay on on a spot protected by its hard shell layer . They appear as bumps , often on the miserable sides of leave of absence . They have pierce mouth parts that suck the sap out of plant tissue . Scales can undermine a plant run to sensationalistic leaf and foliage drop curtain . They also raise a sweet nub called honeydew ( covet by ants ) which can take to an untempting black control surface fungous growth called sooty mildew .
Prevention and Control : Once constitute they are hard to control . Isolate infest plant by from those that are not overrun . Consult your local garden center professional or Cooperative Extension office in your county for a legal recommendation regarding their control . Encourage born enemies such as leechlike wasps in the garden . fungus kingdom : Sooty MoldSooty mould is a fungus that is find on the surface of folio . It feed on honeydew melon eliminate from aphids , mealy bugs , graduated table , or ants . Though not serious , it is untempting when it track / blackens the foliage and stems of the plant . The best way to control sooty mold is to verify the insect that make the honeydew . Sooty mold can unremarkably be wiped from folio with a moist material or washed away with a hose - end sprayer .
