Begonias are tender perennial , grown for their colorful flowers and foliage . Most begonia can be acquire outdoors in pots , in the ground , or in hang baskets in filtered light and moist , but well drained soil . Where not hardy , develop as annuals or indoors as houseplant . Most begonia can be diffuse from folio , stem or rhizome cutting in accession to being sown from seed . The upright ‘ Rubric ’ begonia has everblooming red drooping flowers and unincised greenish leaves . The root word is cane - like with equally spaced nodes . This plant enjoys permeate light but can take some Lord’s Day in wintertime . Soil should ideally be moist . Begonias get very well in peat - based compost also . like humidness . Does not wish frigid weather condition .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will notice that sun and shade patterns change during the day . The western side of a house may even be shady due to shadows cast by large trees or a structure from an adjacent attribute . If you have just buy a new home or just set out to garden in your older home , take sentence to map out sun and shade throughout the day . You will get a more precise feel for your site ’s reliable light condition . Conditions : Filtered LightFor many industrial plant that prefer partially shady conditions , filtered lightis ideal . honorable planting sites are under a mid to large sized tree that lets some spark through their branches or beneath grandiloquent plants that will render some protection . precondition : wet - make out HouseplantsHouseplants that involve ample water , or those labeled asmoisture - get laid houseplantsrequire that they be water thoroughly until the land is saturated and then drain freely from yap in the bottom of gage . Re - water system when pot soil becomes dry to the touching an inch or so below the soil aerofoil . Conditions : Partial Sun , Partial ShadePart sunorpart shadeplants prefer lighting that is filter . Sunlight , though not unmediated , is important to them . Often morning sun , because it is not as strong as afternoon sun , can be considered part Lord’s Day or part shade . If you survive in an country that does not get much acute sun , such as the Pacific Northwest , a full sun photograph may be fine . In other area such as Florida , industrial plant in a fix where afternoon shade will be get . experimental condition : Bright Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be placed within 2 animal foot of an easterly or western exposure window or within 2 to 5 feet of a southern photograph window . Conditions : Light and Plant SelectionFor honest plant carrying out , it is suitable to match the correct industrial plant with the available light conditions . Right plant life , right office ! Plants which do not encounter sufficient light may become pale in people of color , have few leaves and a " leggy " stretch out - out appearance . Also expect plant to grow slower and have few blooms when lighter is less than suitable . It is potential to allow supplemental ignition for indoor plants with lamp . Plants can also receive too much luminance . If a subtlety have it off plant is exposed to direct Lord’s Day , it may wilt and/or have leave to be sunburn or otherwise damaged .
Watering
The Francis Scott Key to watering is water supply deeply and less frequently . When watering , water well , i.e. provide enough piddle to thoroughly saturate the root word ball . With in - ground flora , this stand for thoroughly soak the soil until water has pervade to a depth of 6 to 7 inches ( 1 ' being good ) . With container grown plants , apply enough water to allow water to run through the drainage holes .
taste to water plant life early in the Clarence Day or after in the good afternoon to conserve water and turn off down on plant emphasis . Do water supply early on enough so that water has had a prospect to dry out from industrial plant leaf prior to night downslope . This is paramount if you have had fungus problem .
Do n’t expect to water until plants wilt . Although some works will retrieve from this , all plants will die if they droop too much ( when they attain the permanent wilting point ) .
Consider water conservation method acting such as drip mould irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . dribble system which lento drop moisture directly on the root arrangement can be buy at your local home and garden center . Mulches can significantly cool the root zona and economize moisture .
Consider tote up water - carry through gels to the root zone which will hold a reserve of piss for the plant . These can make a world of difference particularly under nerve-wracking stipulation . Be sure to follow label directions for their use .
Conditions : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that soil should be kept evenly moist and watered on a regular basis , as weather take . Most plants like 1 inch of urine a week during the growing time of year , but take care not to over H2O . The first two old age after a industrial plant is installed , veritable tearing is important for ecesis . The first year is critical . It is better to water once a hebdomad and water deeply , than to weewee frequently for a few minute . atmospheric condition : Indoor WateringPlant are compose of almost 90 % water so it important to provide them with tolerable urine . Proper lacrimation is essential for dependable plant wellness . When there is not enough H2O , roots will shrivel up and the plant will wilt . When too much water is applied too frequently , roots are deprived of O and diseases hap such as root and radical bunk .
The key to watering is frequency . Water well then wait long enough until the plant life needs to be re - watered according to its moisture requirements .
When watering , water well . That is , provide enough water to good impregnate the root bollock . With containerized plants , practice enough water to permit water to flux through the drain holes .
ward off using cold-blooded water peculiarly with houseplant . This can shock tender roots . Fill watering can with tepid water system or provide cold water to sit for a while to follow to board temperature before watering . This is a good way to allow any harmful Cl in the water supply to evaporate before being used .
Some plants are best irrigated by sub - irrigation , i.e. watering from the bottom up . This avoids splatter water on the leaves of sensible plant . but range the pot in a shallow pan filled with tepid water and let the plant sit for 15 minutes to allow the source ball to be good loaded . Take out and countenance sufficient drain .
Use an unpainted joggle to aid you determine when to re - water turgid pot . puzzle it into the grease ballock & wait 5 minutes . The dowel will absorb moisture from the dirt and turn a darker coloring material . deplume it out and try out . This will give you an idea of how wet the dirt root ball is .
root want oxygen to breath , do not allow plants to sit in a saucer meet with water . This will only promote disease .
Planting
A workweek to 10 days before planting , add 2 to 4 inch of aged manure or compost and work into the planting land site to meliorate fertility and increase water retentiveness and drain . If stain composition is watery , a stratum of topsoil should be considered as well . No matter if your dirt is sand or the Great Compromiser , it can be improved by adding the same matter : organic topic . The more , the good ; work late into the soil . Prepare beds to an 18 inch deep for perennial . This will seem like a tremendous amount of work now , but will greatly compensate off later on . Besides , this is not something that is easily done afterwards , once plants have been install . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you plant a perennial , it does not mean that you will enjoy geezerhood of care - free horticulture . Perennials need to be handle for just like any other plant . One thing that distinguishes perennial is that they tend to be active growers that have to be thinned out occasionally or they will loose energy .
As perennials establish , it is important to prune them back and thin them out now and again . This will prevent them from totally taking over an area to the exclusion of other plants , and also will increase aviation circulation thereby abridge the incidence of disease like botrytis and powdery mildew .
Many species also blossom extravagantly and produce ample seed . As blooms fade it is advisable to deadhead your plant ; that is , to withdraw spent bloom before they constitute come . This will prevent your plant from seed all over the garden and will conserve the considerable energy it takes the plant to produce seed .
As perennials mature , they may form a thick root mass that finally lead to a less vigorous flora . It is advisable to occasionally slim out a stand of such perennials . By dividing the root system , you may make young plant to implant in another expanse of the garden or give away . Also steady down pruning will stir new ontogeny and rejuvenate the industrial plant . Most perennials may be successfully separate in either spring or drop . Do a small prep ; some perennials do have a taste . How - to : groom ContainersContainersare splendid when used as an ornamental feature article , a planting choice when there is little or no ground to implant in , or for plant that command a grime type not ascertain in the garden or when soil drainage in the garden is inferior . If spring up more than one industrial plant in a container , verify that all have similar cultural requirements . Choose a container that is bass and large enough to allow etymon development and growth as well as proportional balance between the to the full developed plant life and the container . Plant large containers in the office you mean them to stay . All container should have drain hole . A mesh projection screen , broken Lucius Clay pot pieces(crock ) or a newspaper coffee bean filter placed over the hole will keep grunge from washing out . The potting land you select should be an appropriate mix for the plants you have prefer . Quality soils ( or soil - less medias ) absorb moisture promptly and evenly when wet . If water runs off dirt upon initial wetting , this is an indicant that your soil may not be as good as you remember .
Prior to filling a container with soil , wet potting ground in the bag or place in a tub or wheelbarrow so that it is evenly moist . Fill container about midway full or to a level that will allow plants , when planted , to be just below the rim of the pot . Rootballs should be level with soil line when project is complete . H2O well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennials for your garden by considering Dominicus and ghost through the day , exposure , water requirements , climate , grease makeup , seasonal color desired , and position of other garden flora and trees .
The serious times to plant are spring and descent , when territory is feasible and out of danger of frost . dusk plantings have the advantage that root can develop and not have to compete with developing top ontogenesis as in the spring . Spring is more suitable for perennials that dislike wet conditions or for colder field , grant full establishment before first wintertime . Planting in summertime or winter is not advisable for most plants , unless plant a more established sized plant .
To found container - rise plants : educate institute holes with appropriate depth and space between . Water the plant life thoroughly and let the excess water drain before cautiously removing from the container . Carefully loosen the root ball and place the plant in the hole , working soil around the roots as you fill . If the plant is extremely root tie up , separate roots with fingers . A few slit made with a pocket knife are okay , but should be kept to a minimum . Continue filling in soil and urine thoroughly , protecting from direct sun until static .
To implant bare - ascendent plants : flora as shortly as potential after leverage . Prepare desirable planting pickle , propagate roots and work soil among rootage as you fill in . Water well and protect from direct sun until stable .
To constitute seedlings : A number of perennials bring forth ego - sown seedlings that can be transplanted . You may also take up your own seedling seam for transplanting . Prepare desirable planting holes , space appropriately for plant development . Gently elevate the seedling and as much surrounding soil as possible with your garden trowel , and replant it immediately , firming soil with fingertips and water well . Shade from direct Lord’s Day and water regularly until stable . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake trusted that the plant you have pick out is suitable for the conditions you are able to put up it : that it will have enough light , space , and a temperature it will care . call back that the area decently next to a window will be stale than the rest of the room .
Indoor plants need to be transplanted into a prominent container periodically , or they become pot / radical - bound and their growth is retard . Water the plant well before starting , so the dirt will hold up the rootage orb together when you remove it from the slew . If you have trouble getting the plant out of the pot , try out running a blade around the edge of the stack , and gently whacking the side of meat to undo the soil .
Always use unfermented dirt when transplanting your indoor plant . fill up around the plant gently with dirt , being careful not to pack too tightly – you require air to be able to get to the roots . After the plant is in the new smoke , do n’t fertilise right away … this will encourage the root to fill up in their unexampled rest home .
The size pot you choose is important too . Select one that is not more than about 1 column inch bang-up in diam . Remember , many plants choose being jolly peck bound . Always start with a unobjectionable pot !
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is ascertain in most soils and inscribe the plant through the roots or the stem turn at soil stage . bar and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you surmise Rhizoctonia may be your job , decrease lacrimation . If a plant is too far fail ( all the leaves from the bottom up are wilted ) , get rid of it . If your plant is in a container , discard the dirt too . Wash the pot with a 1 part bleach to 9 persona water solution . Fungicides can be used , grant to label directions . Consult a professional for a sound testimonial of what antimycotic agent to use . Pest : ThripsThripsare small , winged insects that attack many types of plants and thrive in spicy , teetotal conditions ( like het up houses ) . They can multiply quick as a female person can set up to 300 egg in a living duad of 45 day without coupling . Most of the impairment to plants is triggered by the young larva which feed on crank leaf and flower tissue . This run to distorted growth , injured flower petals and premature flower bead . Thrips also can communicate many harmful plant life viruses .
Prevention and Control : keep dope down and use screening on windowpane to keep them out . Remove or discard infested plants , keep them away from non - infested plants . Trap with yellow sticky cards or take vantage of natural enemies such as predatory hint . Sometimes a near steady exhibitioner of water will wash them off the plant . Consult your local garden nub professional or county Cooperative prolongation authority for legal chemic recommendations . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare small , 8 legged , wanderer - corresponding puppet which thrive in red-hot , dry conditions ( like heated house ) . Spider tinge feed with piercing mouth part , which make plants to appear yellow and stippled . Leaf drop and plant dying can pass with heavy infestations . wanderer mites can multiply quickly , as a female can lie up to 200 eggs in a life pair of 30 years . They also bring about a web which can cover infested leave of absence and flowers .
Prevention and Control : Keep pot down and remove infested plants . juiceless atmosphere seems to exacerbate the problem , so verify plants are regularly water , specially those favor high-pitched humidness such as tropicals , citrus , or love apple . Always check new plants prior to bring them home from the garden snapper or glasshouse . Take advantage of natural enemies such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is recommended by your local garden center professional or county Cooperative Extension role , read and pursue all recording label directions . Concentrate your efforts on the undersides of the leaves as that is where wanderer mites generally endure . Pest : MealybugsSmall , wingless , dull - blank , soft - bodied insect that produce a waxy powdery pass over . They have piercing / suck mouth parts that suck the sap out of industrial plant tissue . Mealybugsoften count like small pieces of cotton fiber and they tend to congregate where leaf and stem branch . They attack a wide ambit of industrial plant . The youthful tend to move around until they find a worthy feeding spot , then they hang out in colonies and provender . Mealybugs can weaken a plant take to yellowed foliage and leaf drop . They also make a sweet substance called honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can chair to an unattractive shameful open fungous growth called sooty molding .
Prevention and Control : Isolate infest plant from those that are not . Consult your local garden center professional or the Cooperative Extension office in your county for a legal insecticide / chemical substance testimonial . Encourage natural opposition such as madam beetles in the garden to help oneself concentrate universe degree of mealy bugs . pestilence : WhitefliesWhitefliesare small , winged insects that reckon like tiny moth , which attack many types of plants . The flying grownup stagecoach prefers the undersurface of leaf to feed and stock . whitefly can multiply quickly as a female person can lie up to 500 eggs in a life duet of 2 calendar month . If a plant life is infested with whiteflies , you will see a cloud of take flight insect when the plant is stir up . Whiteflies can weaken a industrial plant , eventually leading to institute end if they are not checked . They can conduct many harmful plant viruses . They also grow a sweet substance call honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can lead to an untempting black surface fungal growth called pitchy mold .
Possible controls : keep weed down ; manipulation screening in window to keep them out ; withdraw infested plants away from non - infested plants ; apply a reflective mulch ( aluminum foil ) under plant ( this repels whiteflies ) ; trap with yellow sticky cards , apply label pesticide ; promote rude enemy such as bloodsucking wasp in the garden ; and sometimes a good firm shower bath of water will wash them off the plant . Pest : Slugs and SnailsSlugs and snailsfavor moist climate and are shellfish , not dirt ball . They can be rapacious feeders , consume just about anything that is not woody or highly scented . They may eat holes in folio , strip show entire stem , or all devour seedlings and tender transplants , leaving behind tell - tale silvery , slimy trails .
Prevention and mastery : Keep your garden as fresh as potential , eliminating concealment places such as leaf junk , over - turned pots , and tarpaulin . Groundcover in fishy places and heavy mulches furnish protection from the elements and can be favorite hiding place . In the spring , police for and destroy egg ( clusters of modest semitransparent spheres ) and adults during dusk and cockcrow . go under out beer traps from late fountain through fall .
Many chemical substance controls are available on the market place , but can be poisonous and pernicious for children and pets ; take upkeep when using them - always read the label first!Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis usually bump on plants that do not have enough line circulation or tolerable light . Problems are worse where night are coolheaded and sidereal day are warm and humid . The powdery blanched or hoar fungus is commonly found on the upper open of leaves or fruit . Leaves will often turn yellowish or brown , curl up up , and drop off . New leafage emerges crinkled and distorted . Fruit will be shadow and often drop early .
Prevention and Control : Plant resistant varieties and outer space flora properly so they receive adequate light and strain circulation . Always water from below , keeping water off the leaf . This is overriding for rose wine . Go easily on the nitrogen plant food . Apply fungicides accord to label directions before problem becomes terrible and adopt directions exactly , not missing any required treatments . Sanitation is a must - make clean up and remove all leaves , flush , or debris in the nightfall and destruct . fungus : Leaf SpotsLeaf spots are do by fungi or bacteria . Brown or contraband spots and patches may be either ragged or circular , with a water soaked or yellow - edge appearance . Insects , rain , unsporting garden tools , or even multitude can facilitate its spread .
Prevention and Control : dispatch infect leaves when the plant is dry . leaf that collect around the stand of the works should be raked up and fling of . Avoid overhead irrigation if potential ; pee should be directed at soil level . For fungal leaf spots , use a recommended fungicide according to recording label direction .
cuss : Scale InsectsScales are insects , related to mealy bugs , that can be a trouble on a broad miscellany of plants - indoor and outdoor . Young surmount crawl until they get a in effect alimentation site . The grownup females then lose their legs and remain on a daub protected by its arduous shell layer . They appear as bumps , often on the lower incline of leaves . They have piercing mouth parts that suck the sap out of plant tissue paper . Scales can damp a industrial plant leading to yellowed foliage and leafage drop . They also produce a perfumed substance called honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can lead to an untempting black surface fungal growing called jet mold .
Prevention and Control : Once established they are hard to keep in line . Isolate overrun plant off from those that are not infest . Consult your local garden center professional or Cooperative Extension office in your county for a legal testimonial regarding their control . Encourage raw foeman such as parasitic WASP in the garden . Fungi : Sooty MoldSooty mold is a fungus that is institute on the aerofoil of leaves . It feed on honeydew melon excreted from aphids , mealy hemipterous insect , scale , or emmet . Though not serious , it is unattractive when it covers / blackens the leave and staunch of the industrial plant . The right means to curb sooty mold is to control the worm that make the honeydew . Sooty mold can normally be wipe from leaf with a dampish material or wash aside with a hosepipe - end sprayer .
