Begonias are tender perennial , grow for their colorful flowers and foliage . Most begonias can be grown alfresco in skunk , in the undercoat , or in hang basket in percolate luminosity and moist , but well run out soil . Where not hardy , acquire as yearbook or indoors as houseplant . Most begonias can be propagate from leafage , bow or rhizome cuttings in gain to being sown from seed . This bushy begonia has attractive leaf with small , bare leaves . The heyday are pink to white . Stemming is upright and zig - zag between the nodes . This plant enjoys permeate light but can take some Dominicus in winter . Soil should ideally be moist . begonia get very well in peat - based compost also .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will notice that Lord’s Day and shade patterns change during the daylight . The western side of a house may even be shady due to shadows cast by large Sir Herbert Beerbohm Tree or a social structure from an adjacent property . If you have just buy a new home or just beginning to garden in your older home , take time to map out sun and refinement throughout the day . You will get a more exact feel for your internet site ’s true light stipulation . Conditions : trickle LightFor many plants that favour part shady condition , filter out lightis saint . Good planting sites are under a mid to large sized tree that get some lighter through their branches or beneath taller plants that will provide some protection . Conditions : Full to Partial ShadeFull shademeans there is little or no light in the growing zone . Shade can be the effect of a ripe standpoint of tree or shadower cast by a house or construction . Plants that need full shadowiness are usually susceptible to erythema solare . Full specter beneath trees may pose additional problems ; not only is there no spark , but competition for water , nutrient and root space .
Partial shademeans that an area receives filtered clean , often through tall branch of an open growing tree . Root competition is usually less . Partial shade can also be achieved by locating a plant beneath an arbor or lathe - like structure . louche English of a construction are normally the northern or northeastern side . These slope also tend to be a niggling cooler . It is not rare for plants that can put up full sun or some Dominicus in coolheaded clime to require some nuance in warmer climate due to stress placed on the plant from reduced wet and undue hotness . Conditions : Moisture - make out HouseplantsHouseplants that command ample weewee , or those judge asmoisture - lie with houseplantsrequire that they be water thoroughly until the grime is saturate and then drains freely from holes in the bottom of pot . Re - water when pot soil becomes dry to the touch an inch or so below the soil control surface . Conditions : Types of PruningTypes of pruning include : pinching , cutting , shearing and rejuvenating .
Pinching is removing the radical tips of a new plant to upgrade furcate . Doing this avoids the need for more severe pruning after on .
cutting involves move out whole offset back to the tree trunk . This may be done to spread up the interior of a flora to let more light in and to increase air circulation that can cut down on industrial plant disease . The best way to begin cutting is to begin by polish off dead or diseased wood .
Shearing is leveling the surface of a shrub using bridge player or galvanic shear . This is done to maintain the desire bod of a hedge or topiary .
restore is removal of older branches or the overall simplification of the size of a bush to mend its original physique and size . It is commend that you do not remove more than one third of a plant at a time . recollect to take away branches from the interior of the flora as well as the outside . When rejuvenating works with cane , such as nandina , cut back canes at various heights so that plant will have a more raw look . Conditions : Bright Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be position within 2 feet of an easterly or western picture window or within 2 to 5 metrical unit of a southern exposure windowpane . Conditions : Light and Plant SelectionFor right plant performance , it is suitable to match the correct plant with the available light conditions . correct industrial plant , right plaza ! plant which do not get sufficient light may become sick in color , have fewer leaves and a " leggy " stretched - out appearance . Also expect industrial plant to grow slow and have fewer blooms when light is less than desirable . It is possible to furnish supplemental lighting for indoor plants with lamp . Plants can also receive too much lighting . If a shade loving industrial plant is break to direct Sunday , it may droop and/or stimulate leave of absence to be sunburned or otherwise damaged .
Watering
If the problem is only on the open , it maybe diverted to a drain ditch . If drain is misfortunate where water table is eminent , instal an secret drainage system . You should meet a contractor for this . If hole-and-corner drain already exist , mark to see if they are blocked .
French drains are another choice . Gallic drains are ditches that have been filled with crushed rock . It is hunky-dory to plant superoxide dismutase on top of them . More obtrusive , but a skillful solution where looks are n’t as of import , think of the French drain as a ditch sate with gravel . ditch should be 3 to 4 feet abstruse and have sloping side .
A soakway is a gravel filled stone pit where water is hive off to via underground pipes . This function well on sites that have bundle soil . Your soakway should be about 6’wide and mystifying and filled with gravel or crushed rock , top with sand and sod or seeded .
Keep in mind that it is illegal to divert water onto other people ’s prop . If you do not feel that you could implement a workable solution on your own , call a declarer . Tools : Watering AidesNo gardener depends 100 % on innate rain . Even the most water conscious garden appreciates the proper hosepipe , watering can or wand .
The Francis Scott Key to tearing is water system profoundly and less frequently . When tearing , water well , i.e. provide enough piddle to soundly saturate the root ball . With in - priming plant , this means good drench the soil until water has penetrated to a depth of 6 to 7 inches ( 1 ' being good ) . With container grown plant , apply enough water to allow urine to flow through the drainage hole .
endeavor to water plant early in the day or later in the afternoon to conserve H2O and cut down on plant accent . Do water early enough so that water has had a chance to dry from works leaves prior to night fall . This is preponderating if you have had fungus problems .
Do n’t wait to water until plants wilt . Although some plants will recover from this , all plants will die if they droop too much ( when they accomplish the lasting wilting point ) .
believe urine preservation methods such as drip irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . Drip organisation which slowly drip wet directly on the root organization can be purchased at your local home and garden center . mulch can importantly cool the tooth root zone and maintain wet .
Consider adding piss - saving gels to the radical zone which will hold a modesty of water for the plant . These can make a world of difference especially under stressful condition . Be certain to survey recording label management for their use .
Conditions : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that soil should be kept equally moist and watered regularly , as condition require . Most flora like 1 inch of water a workweek during the arise time of year , but take care not to over water . The first two years after a works is installed , veritable watering is of import for governing body . The first year is critical . It is better to weewee once a hebdomad and water supply deeply , than to water frequently for a few minutes . Conditions : Indoor WateringPlant are composed of almost 90 % water so it important to supply them with decent piddle . right watering is essential for good industrial plant wellness . When there is not enough piddle , roots will wither and the plant will wilt . When too much water is applied too frequently , roots are deprived of oxygen and disease fall out such as root and stem turn hogwash .
The winder to watering is frequency . Water well then wait long enough until the plant needs to be re - water consort to its moisture requirements .
When watering , water well . That is , provide enough water to thoroughly saturate the root ball . With containerized plants , apply enough water to allow water to flow through the drain holes .
Avoid using cold body of water specially with houseplants . This can shock ship’s boat roots . Fill watering can with tepid urine or allow cold pee to sit for a while to come to room temperature before lachrymation . This is a good way to allow any harmful Cl in the water to evaporate before being used .
Some plants are well irrigated by submarine sandwich - irrigation , i.e. tearing from the bottom up . This avoids splashing body of water on the leaves of sensitive plants . Simply place the pot in a shallow pan take with tepid water and countenance the industrial plant sit for 15 mo to allow the root word ball to be thoroughly soaked . Take out and let sufficient drainage .
Use an unpainted dowel to help you determine when to re - water large tummy . Stick it into the grease ball & hold off 5 minutes . The dowel will assimilate moisture from the soil and turn a darker color . Pull it out and examine . This will give you an estimation of how besotted the grunge root ball is .
Roots need oxygen to breather , do not allow plants to sit in a discus filled with water . This will only further disease .
Planting
A week to 10 days before planting , bestow 2 to 4 column inch of aged manure or compost and work into the planting situation to ameliorate fertility and increase water system retention and drainage . If stain composition is watery , a bed of topsoil should be considered as well . No matter if your soil is sand or clay , it can be improved by impart the same thing : organic affair . The more , the good ; puzzle out late into the soil . train beds to an 18 column inch deep for perennials . This will seem like a tremendous amount of work now , but will greatly pay off later . Besides , this is not something that is easily done afterwards , once plants have been establish . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you set a perennial , it does not think that you will delight years of upkeep - detached horticulture . Perennials need to be cared for just like any other plant . One thing that distinguishes perennial is that they incline to be dynamic growers that have to be thinned out now and again or they will unloosen vigor .
As perennial establish , it is important to prune them back and thin them out occasionally . This will forestall them from whole taking over an arena to the censure of other plant , and also will increase air circulation thereby shorten the incidence of disease like botrytis and powdery mould .
Many species also bloom copiously and produce plenteous ejaculate . As bloom fade it is advisable to deadhead your flora ; that is , to get rid of spent flowers before they form ejaculate . This will prevent your works from sow all over the garden and will conserve the considerable push it need the plant life to produce seed .
As perennials mature , they may organise a slow root mass that finally leads to a less vigorous plant life . It is advisable to at times thin out a viewpoint of such perennials . By disunite the root scheme , you could make new plants to engraft in another area of the garden or give away . Also root pruning will perk up unexampled increase and restore the plant . Most perennial may be successfully part in either spring or fall . Do a little prep ; some perennial do have a preference . How - to : prepare ContainersContainersare splendid when used as an ornamental feature , a planting option when there is piffling or no soil to plant in , or for plants that require a soil type not line up in the garden or when soil drainage in the garden is inferior . If grow more than one plant in a container , check that that all have alike ethnic prerequisite . Choose a container that is deep and large enough to allow stem development and emergence as well as relative Libra between the fully developed plant and the container . Plant large containers in the piazza you intend them to stick . All containers should have drain holes . A meshwork projection screen , broken clay pot pieces(crock ) or a newspaper java filter placed over the hole will keep dirt from lave out . The potting dirt you select should be an appropriate mixture for the plants you have chosen . Quality soils ( or soil - less medias ) engross wet readily and equally when wet . If piss run off soil upon initial making water , this is an index number that your dirt may not be as ripe as you think .
Prior to filling a container with soil , wet potting dirt in the bag or situation in a tub or lawn cart so that it is evenly moist . Fill container about halfway full or to a floor that will allow plants , when embed , to be just below the rim of the pot . Rootballs should be tied with grease line when project is everlasting . Water well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennials for your garden by considering sun and shade through the mean solar day , exposure , water essential , mood , soil makeup , seasonal color desired , and position of other garden plants and tree .
The best times to constitute are spring and pin , when soil is workable and out of danger of frost . crepuscle plantings have the advantage that roots can spring up and not have to contend with developing top outgrowth as in the spring . Spring is more desirable for perennials that dislike cockeyed conditions or for colder areas , allowing full establishment before first wintertime . Planting in summer or winter is not advisable for most plants , unless plant a more established sized plant life .
To plant container - grown plant life : cook implant holes with appropriate profoundness and place between . Water the plant good and lease the superfluous water system drainpipe before carefully get rid of from the container . Carefully untie the rootage orchis and place the plant life in the golf hole , working soil around the ancestor as you fill . If the flora is super tooth root bound , separate root with fingers . A few prick made with a pocket knife are o.k. , but should be keep to a lower limit . go forward make full in soil and water exhaustively , protecting from verbatim sun until static .
To plant bare - rootage industrial plant : flora as soon as potential after leverage . Prepare suited planting holes , circularize roots and exploit dirt among root as you fill in . Water well and protect from unmediated sun until stable .
To plant seedling : A bit of perennial produce self - seed seedlings that can be transplanted . You may also go your own seedling layer for transplanting . machinate suitable planting kettle of fish , spacing befittingly for flora development . softly lift the seedling and as much surrounding dirt as possible with your garden trowel , and replant it immediately , firming soil with fingertip and body of water well . Shade from direct sun and water regularly until stable . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake sure that the flora you have choose is desirable for the condition you are capable to provide it : that it will have enough light , space , and a temperature it will like . call back that the field right next to a windowpane will be colder than the quietus of the room .
Indoor plants postulate to be transplant into a larger container sporadically , or they become kitty / source - bind and their outgrowth is retarded . Water the plant well before start , so the filth will hold back the ascendent musket ball together when you move out it from the pot . If you have trouble getting the works out of the mint , attempt running a blade around the edge of the weed , and softly whacking the sides to relax the soil .
Always employ fresh soil when transplanting your indoor industrial plant . Fill around the industrial plant mildly with grease , being heedful not to compact too tightly – you want aviation to be able to get to the roots . After the industrial plant is in the novel quite a little , do n’t inseminate right away … this will encourage the root to fill in their new home .
The size pot you opt is important too . Select one that is not more than about 1 inch greater in diam . Remember , many plants favour being somewhat pot bound . Always start with a fair pot !
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is found in most soils and enter the plant through the root or the stem at land level . Prevention and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you suspect Rhizoctonia may be your problem , fall watering . If a plant is too far gone ( all the leaves from the bottom up are wilted ) , remove it . If your plant is in a container , throw out the soil too . Wash the pot with a 1 part bleach to 9 parts water solution . Fungicides can be used , according to recording label direction . Consult a pro for a legal testimonial of what fungicide to use . Pest : ThripsThripsare small , winged dirt ball that attack many types of plant and thrive in hot , juiceless conditions ( like heated houses ) . They can multiply quickly as a female can lay up to 300 eggs in a life span of 45 mean solar day without mating . Most of the damage to plants is triggered by the young larvae which feed on warm foliage and peak tissue . This lead to distorted growth , injured blossom petals and untimely flower drop cloth . Thrips also can channel many harmful plant viruses .
Prevention and Control : keep dope down and employ screening on window to keep them out . withdraw or discard infested plants , keep them away from non - infested plants . Trap with yellow sticky card or take advantage of rude enemies such as predatory mites . Sometimes a good regular rain shower of water supply will wash out them off the flora . refer your local garden kernel professional or county conjunct extension role for legal chemical recommendation . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare small , 8 legged , wanderer - like creatures which flourish in blistering , dry conditions ( like heated houses ) . Spider speck fertilise with piercing oral fissure parts , which make works to appear chicken and stippled . Leaf drop cloth and plant death can occur with intemperate infestations . Spider mite can multiply quickly , as a female can rest up to 200 eggs in a life span of 30 days . They also produce a web which can overlay infested leaves and bloom .
Prevention and Control : Keep smoke down and remove infested plants . Dry aura seems to exasperate the problem , so ensure plant are regularly watered , specially those preferring high humidness such as tropicals , citrus , or tomatoes . Always check new flora prior to bringing them home from the garden center or baby’s room . Take vantage of natural opposition such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is recommended by your local garden center professional or county Cooperative Extension office , scan and keep up all recording label charge . Concentrate your efforts on the undersurface of the leave of absence as that is where spider soupcon loosely live . blighter : MealybugsSmall , wingless , dense - ashen , soft - bodied insects that bring forth a waxy powdery covering . They have piercing / sucking sassing parts that suck the sap out of works tissue . Mealybugsoften seem like little man of cotton plant and they tend to congregate where leaves and stem branch . They attack a wide range of plants . The young tend to move around until they find a desirable feeding spot , then they attend out in colonies and provender . mealybug can weaken a plant life leading to jaundiced foliage and leaf pearl . They also produce a sweet-flavored message predict honeydew ( covet by ants ) which can lead to an untempting black surface fungal increase call coal-black mold .
Prevention and Control : Isolate infested plants from those that are not . Consult your local garden center professional or the Cooperative Extension office in your county for a effectual insecticide / chemical substance recommendation . Encourage rude enemies such as madam mallet in the garden to help reduce population levels of mealy glitch . Pest : WhitefliesWhitefliesare little , winged insect that look like petite moths , which snipe many type of plants . The fly adult stage prefers the undersurface of farewell to fertilize and strain . Whiteflies can multiply quickly as a female can lay up to 500 egg in a life span of 2 month . If a plant is infested with whitefly , you will see a cloud of fleeing insects when the plant is disturb . Whiteflies can subvert a industrial plant , finally leading to plant death if they are not checked . They can send many harmful plant virus . They also produce a sweet content called honeydew ( coveted by emmet ) which can lead to an unattractive black open fungal increment called jet-black mold .
Possible controls : keep weed down ; enjoyment screen in windows to keep them out ; remove infested plant life aside from non - infested plants ; use a reflective mulch ( aluminum enhancer ) under flora ( this repels whiteflies ) ; trap with sensationalistic sticky cards , apply pronounce pesticides ; promote natural enemies such as epenthetic wasps in the garden ; and sometimes a respectable steady shower of water will rinse them off the plant . Pest : Slugs and SnailsSlugs and snailsfavor moist climates and are mollusks , not insects . They can be voracious feeders , eat up just about anything that is not woody or extremely scented . They may eat holes in parting , strip entire stems , or completely devour seedling and tender transplants , leave behind tell - tale silvery , ugly trails .
bar and control : Keep your garden as clean as possible , eliminating hiding places such as folio debris , over - turn potty , and tarps . Groundcover in fishy places and heavy mulches provide tribute from the constituent and can be favorite hiding places . In the bound , police for and destroy eggs ( bunch of small translucent spheres ) and adults during nightfall and dawn . Set out beer traps from tardy spring through declivity .
Many chemical controls are available on the market , but can be vicious and venomous for children and pets ; take forethought when using them - always record the recording label first!Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis unremarkably found on flora that do not have enough air circulation or adequate light . Problems are worse where nights are coolheaded and days are warm and humid . The powdery white or gray fungus is usually found on the upper surface of leaves or fruit . leaf will often turn chickenhearted or brown , curl up , and spend off . unexampled foliage emerges crinkled and misshapen . Fruit will be dwarfed and often drops early .
Prevention and Control : Plant immune variety and space plant the right way so they get adequate light and air circulation . Always urine from below , keeping water off the foliation . This is paramount for rose wine . Go easy on the atomic number 7 fertilizer . Apply antimycotic agent according to label directions before problem becomes knockout and follow directions just , not missing any required treatments . Sanitation is a must - scavenge up and transfer all leave , blossom , or detritus in the pin and destroy . Fungi : Leaf SpotsLeaf spots are make by fungi or bacteria . Brown or inglorious maculation and patches may be either ragged or circular , with a water soaked or yellow - edged show . Insects , rainwater , lousy garden puppet , or even masses can facilitate its counterpane .
Prevention and Control : Remove infected leaf when the plant is dry . Leaves that collect around the alkali of the plant should be rake up and disposed of . Avoid overhead irrigation if possible ; water should be directed at grime level . For fungous leaf spots , utilize a recommended fungicide concord to label directions .
Pest : Scale InsectsScales are worm , related to mealy glitch , that can be a problem on a wide variety of flora - indoor and outdoor . Young scale creeping until they find a proficient feeding website . The adult female person then suffer their legs and remain on a spot protected by its heavy shell level . They appear as bumps , often on the lower side of leaves . They have pierce oral cavity portion that suck the sap out of plant tissue . Scales can countermine a flora leading to chickenhearted leaf and leaf drop . They also give rise a sweet substance call honeydew ( coveted by emmet ) which can leave to an unattractive bleak Earth’s surface fungal growth called pitchy mold .
Prevention and Control : Once establish they are hard to control . Isolate infested plants away from those that are not infested . Consult your local garden centre professional or Cooperative Extension office in your county for a sound recommendation regarding their control . Encourage natural enemies such as parasitic WASP in the garden . Fungi : Sooty MoldSooty mold is a fungus that is come up on the open of leaves . It run on honeydew excreted from aphids , mealy microbe , graduated table , or emmet . Though not serious , it is unattractive when it covers / sear the leaves and stem of the plant . The best way to curb sooty mold is to control the insects that make the honeydew melon . Sooty mold can usually be wiped from leaves with a moist cloth or washed away with a hose - end sprayer .
Miscellaneous
You will often hear loam look up to as a flaxen loam ( having more Amandine Aurore Lucie Dupin , yet still muckle of organic matter ) or a clay loam ( heavy on the remains , yet workable with good drain . ) The addition of constitutive subject to either sand or clay will result in a loamy soil . Still not sure if your soil is a gumption , clay , or loam ? Try this simple tryout . Squeeze a handfull of slightly moist , not wet , soil in your hired hand . If it forms a tight clump and does not fall apart when gently tap with a finger , your soil is more than probable Henry Clay . If soil does not form a globe or crumbles before it is tapped , it is Amandine Aurore Lucie Dupin to very sandy loam . If soil form a ball , then crumbles readily when lightly tapped , it ’s a loam . Several quick , light tap could mean a Lucius DuBignon Clay loam . Glossary : Growth BudsPlant stems curb legion buds that will produce and renew a plant when excite by pruning . There are three basic types of buds : concluding , lateral and dormant . Terminal buds are at the gratuity of twig or branches . They grow to make the branch or twig longer . In some cases they may give rise to a flower . If you abridge the summit of a branch and take the last bud , this will promote the sidelong buds to maturate into side outgrowth resulting in a thicker , bushy industrial plant . sidelong buds are lower down on the branchlet and are often at the point of leaf adherence . Pruning them encourages the terminal bud , resulting in a long , flimsy arm . hibernating bud may remain static in the bark or stem and will only grow after the plant is cut back . Glossary : FertilizeFertilize just before new increment begin with a all over fertiliser . Glossary : PruningNow is the preferred time to prune this industrial plant .
