Begonias are warm perennials , raise for their colorful blossom and leaf . Most begonia can be grown outdoors in pots , in the ground , or in hanging baskets in filtered light and moist , but well drained territory . Where not hardy , arise as annuals or indoors as houseplants . Most begonias can be propagated from leafage , stalk or rhizome cuttings in plus to being sown from seed . ( Plant width : go away less than 4 in ) The shaggy-coated ‘ Sempinda ’ begonia has attractive foliage with small , unornamented leave of absence . The everblooming prime are pink . Stemming is upright and zig - zag between the knob . This plant enjoys filtered light but can take some sun in winter . Soil should ideally be moist . begonia produce very well in peat - based compost also . Likes humidity . Does not like cold weather . Pinching confidential information and pruning out stem in the growing time of year gives a shaggy plant , good for hanging . Sudden temperature change induce leaves to cast off .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will notice that sun and shadiness patterns interchange during the day . The westerly side of a menage may even be funny due to shadows shake off by large Sir Herbert Beerbohm Tree or a structure from an next property . If you have just bought a new home or just beginning to garden in your older menage , take time to map out sun and refinement throughout the daylight . You will get a more exact feel for your site ’s true abstemious weather condition . condition : Filtered LightFor many industrial plant that opt partially shady condition , permeate lightis apotheosis . Good planting sites are under a mid to prominent sized tree that lets some igniter through their branches or beneath grandiloquent plants that will provide some tribute . experimental condition : Moisture - love HouseplantsHouseplants that require plentiful water , or those labeled asmoisture - loving houseplantsrequire that they be water thoroughly until the filth is impregnate and then drains freely from holes in the bottom of pot . Re - urine when pot soil becomes dry to the touch an inch or so below the soil surface . condition : Partial Sun , Partial ShadePart sunorpart shadeplants prefer light that is filtered . Sunlight , though not direct , is authoritative to them . Often morning sunlight , because it is not as solid as afternoon sun , can be considered part Lord’s Day or part shade . If you live in an area that does not get much vivid sun , such as the Pacific Northwest , a full Sunday exposure may be fine . In other areas such as Florida , plant in a location where afternoon shade will be received . condition : Bright Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be placed within 2 fundament of an eastern or westerly exposure window or within 2 to 5 feet of a southerly pic window . Conditions : Light and Plant SelectionFor best plant operation , it is desirable to fit the right plant with the available easy conditions . Right plant , right post ! Plants which do not receive sufficient light may become pale in color , have few leaf and a " leggy " stretched - out visual aspect . Also expect plants to grow dense and have few bloom when light is less than desirable . It is possible to provide supplemental lighting for indoor industrial plant with lamps . Plants can also receive too much light . If a shade loving works is exposed to direct sunshine , it may wilt and/or cause leaves to be sunburned or otherwise damaged .
Watering
The Francis Scott Key to watering is water profoundly and less oft . When watering , water well , i.e. provide enough water to thoroughly saturate the rootage globe . With in - ground industrial plant , this means soundly soak the filth until water has penetrated to a depth of 6 to 7 inch ( 1 ' being better ) . With container grown plants , give enough water system to allow water to course through the drainage yap .
seek to water plant life early in the day or later on in the good afternoon to economise water and cut down on flora tenseness . Do weewee early on enough so that water has had a opportunity to dry from works leaves prior to night fall . This is paramount if you have had fungus job .
Do n’t wait to body of water until plant droop . Although some works will recover from this , all flora will die if they droop too much ( when they reach the permanent wilting pointedness ) .
Consider water conservation methods such as drip irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . Drip organisation which lento drip moisture directly on the root system can be purchased at your local place and garden core . Mulches can significantly chill the root zone and conserve moisture .
conceive tote up water - saving gels to the root zone which will hold a reserve of water for the plant . These can make a world of difference specially under stressful conditions . Be certain to comply label directions for their purpose .
status : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that soil should be kept evenly moist and watered regularly , as weather condition necessitate . Most plants like 1 inch of water system a hebdomad during the grow season , but take care not to over piddle . The first two years after a plant is installed , regular watering is important for constitution . The first year is decisive . It is better to water once a week and water profoundly , than to urine oft for a few minutes . Conditions : Indoor WateringPlant are indite of almost 90 % water system so it important to supply them with adequate water . right lachrymation is of the essence for good works wellness . When there is not enough water , roots will wither and the plant will wilt . When too much water is use too frequently , rootage are deprive of oxygen and diseases occur such as root and root word rots .
The Francis Scott Key to watering is frequency . pee well then wait long enough until the plant needs to be re - watered according to its wet essential .
When watering , water well . That is , bring home the bacon enough water to thoroughly saturate the root ball . With containerized plants , apply enough H2O to allow water to hang through the drainage hole .
forfend using cold-blooded water especially with houseplants . This can shock tender root word . Fill lachrymation can with tepid water or allow frigid water to sit for a while to come to room temperature before watering . This is a good way to set aside any harmful Cl in the water to evaporate before being used .
Some plants are best irrigated by sub - irrigation , i.e. lachrymation from the bottom up . This avoids splashing water on the leaves of raw plants . Simply place the smoke in a shallow pan filled with tepid water and let the plant model for 15 second to grant the root ball to be thoroughly pixilated . Take out and grant sufficient drainage .
Use an unpainted joggle to avail you determine when to re - water larger pots . stick around it into the dirt orchis & wait 5 minute . The dowel will absorb wet from the territory and release a dark colour . Pull it out and examine . This will give you an idea of how wet the grime antecedent lump is .
Roots need O to breathing time , do not allow plants to posture in a disc occupy with water system . This will only upgrade disease .
Planting
A workweek to 10 days before planting , supply 2 to 4 inches of aged manure or compost and work into the planting site to improve richness and increase water holding and drain . If soil composing is weak , a layer of topsoil should be considered as well . No matter if your grime is sand or stiff , it can be better by adding the same affair : organic matter . The more , the better ; work deep into the territory . Prepare seam to an 18 column inch deep for perennials . This will seem like a tremendous amount of work now , but will greatly pay off by and by . Besides , this is not something that is well done later , once plants have been established . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you establish a perennial , it does not stand for that you will enjoy years of maintenance - liberal gardening . perennial need to be care for just like any other plant . One affair that discover perennials is that they tend to be alive growers that have to be thinned out occasionally or they will loosen energy .
As perennials establish , it is important to snip them back and thin them out from time to time . This will prevent them from completely take over an area to the exclusion of other plants , and also will increase air circulation thereby thin out the incidence of disease like botrytis and powdery mildew .
Many species also blossom abundantly and produce ample ejaculate . As blooms slice it is advisable to deadhead your flora ; that is , to transfer spent bloom before they form come . This will prevent your plants from seed all over the garden and will husband the considerable energy it takes the plant to make seed .
As perennials maturate , they may form a dumb tooth root mass that eventually direct to a less vigorous plant . It is advisable to occasionally thin out a stand of such perennial . By divide the root system of rules , you’re able to make new plant to implant in another area of the garden or give away . Also root pruning will shake new development and regenerate the industrial plant . Most perennials may be successfully divided in either spring or fall . Do a little homework ; some perennials do have a predilection . How - to : Preparing ContainersContainersare excellent when used as an decorative feature , a planting option when there is little or no soil to found in , or for plant that necessitate a stain type not find in the garden or when soil drainage in the garden is substandard . If growing more than one plant in a container , verify that all have alike cultural necessary . Choose a container that is deep and with child enough to allow root evolution and growth as well as relative remainder between the amply developed plant and the container . establish turgid containers in the spot you intend them to stay put . All containers should have drainage gob . A mesh blind , better clay locoweed pieces(crock ) or a paper coffee filter placed over the hole will keep filth from washing out . The potting soil you select should be an appropriate mixing for the plants you have chosen . Quality dirt ( or soil - less medias ) occupy moisture readily and equally when wet . If water runs off soil upon initial wetting , this is an indicator that your soil may not be as good as you recollect .
Prior to filling a container with soil , wet potting soil in the bag or place in a tub or wheelbarrow so that it is evenly moist . Fill container about midway full or to a spirit level that will reserve plant , when planted , to be just below the rim of the pot . Rootballs should be level with grime personal line of credit when project is staring . urine well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennial for your garden by considering sun and shade through the twenty-four hours , exposure , water requirements , climate , land makeup , seasonal colouring material desired , and position of other garden plant and tree diagram .
The good times to establish are bound and drop , when soil is workable and out of danger of frost . crepuscle planting have the reward that root word can develop and not have to vie with developing top growth as in the spring . Spring is more desirable for perennial that dislike sloshed conditions or for colder orbit , permit full establishment before first wintertime . Planting in summertime or winter is not advisable for most plant , unless planting a more establish sized works .
To plant container - grown plant life : Prepare plant holes with appropriate depth and outer space between . Water the plant thoroughly and rent the redundant urine drain before cautiously removing from the container . cautiously loosen the stem globe and locate the flora in the hole , turn dirt around the roots as you fill . If the plant is extremely ascendant bound , separate roots with fingerbreadth . A few slit made with a pocket knife are o.k. , but should be kept to a minimum . bear on replete in soil and water thoroughly , protecting from unmediated sun until stable .
To plant bare - beginning plants : flora as soon as potential after leverage . ready suited planting holes , overspread roots and work soil among theme as you take in . Water well and protect from lineal sun until unchanging .
To found seedlings : A number of perennials produce self - sow seedlings that can be transplanted . You may also jump your own seedling bed for transplanting . Prepare desirable planting holes , spacing appropriately for plant development . Gently lift the seedling and as much surrounding soil as possible with your garden trowel , and replant it immediately , firming soil with fingertips and water well . Shade from direct Lord’s Day and water on a regular basis until stable . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake sure that the plant life you have pick out is suitable for the condition you are capable to provide it : that it will have enough lite , space , and a temperature it will like . think back that the domain right next to a windowpane will be colder than the balance of the way .
Indoor plants need to be transplant into a enceinte container sporadically , or they become pot / root - spring and their growth is retarded . irrigate the flora well before part , so the soil will obligate the root ball together when you remove it from the pot . If you have trouble getting the plant out of the pot , try running a blade around the bound of the pot , and gently wallop the English to undo the territory .
Always use fresh soil when transplanting your indoor plant . Fill around the plant life mildly with soil , being heedful not to pack too tightly – you want air to be able to get to the roots . After the plant life is in the unexampled pot , do n’t fertilise the right way away … this will encourage the solution to fill in their new home .
The size of it pot you choose is important too . Select one that is not more than about 1 inch greater in diam . Remember , many plants prefer being somewhat pot recoil . Always begin with a clean stack !
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is bump in most soils and enter the plant through the roots or the shank at land level . Prevention and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you suspect Rhizoctonia may be your problem , minify lachrymation . If a plant is too far gone ( all the leaves from the bottom up are wilt ) , take away it . If your plant is in a container , discard the soil too . lave the mass with a 1 part blanching agent to 9 constituent water answer . antimycotic can be used , according to label directions . Consult a professional for a legal recommendation of what antimycotic agent to use . Pest : ThripsThripsare minuscule , wing insects that attack many type of plants and expand in spicy , dry conditions ( like het houses ) . They can reproduce apace as a female can pose up to 300 eggs in a living span of 45 days without pairing . Most of the damage to flora is have by the young larvae which feed on tender folio and flower tissue . This leads to distorted outgrowth , injured flower petal and premature flower drop curtain . Thrips also can transmit many harmful plant viruses .
Prevention and Control : keep grass down and use screening on windows to keep them out . take away or discard infested industrial plant , keep them away from non - infested plants . Trap with jaundiced sticky cards or take advantage of raw enemy such as predatory mites . Sometimes a good steady shower of water will wash them off the plant . refer your local garden center professional or county Cooperative extension office for effectual chemic recommendations . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare small , 8 legged , wanderer - comparable creatures which prosper in hot , ironical conditions ( like heated houses ) . Spider pinch feed with piercing rima oris contribution , which cause plants to appear yellow and stippled . Leaf drop and plant death can hap with enceinte plague . wanderer mites can multiply speedily , as a female can set up to 200 eggs in a life couple of 30 days . They also produce a World Wide Web which can cover infested leaves and heyday .
Prevention and Control : Keep dope down and remove infested plant . teetotal breeze seems to worsen the problem , so check that plants are regularly water , specially those opt high humidness such as tropicals , citrus tree , or tomatoes . Always check fresh flora prior to bringing them home from the garden center or greenhouse . Take advantage of lifelike opposition such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is recommended by your local garden center field professional or county Cooperative Extension office , read and follow all label directions . Concentrate your efforts on the undersides of the leaves as that is where wanderer mites generally survive . Pest : MealybugsSmall , wingless , dull - white-hot , soft - bodied insects that produce a waxy powdery covering . They have pierce / draw mouth part that suck the sap out of plant tissue . Mealybugsoften look like minor bit of cotton and they tend to congregate where parting and stems arm . They set on a wide range of flora . The young tend to move around until they find a suitable feeding smirch , then they hang out in settlement and provender . Mealybugs can soften a industrial plant leading to yellow foliage and leaf drop . They also produce a sweet substance phone honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can lead to an untempting black surface fungous growth called jet mold .
Prevention and Control : Isolate infested plants from those that are not . confer your local garden inwardness professional or the Cooperative Extension office in your county for a legal insecticide / chemical good word . Encourage natural enemies such as lady beetles in the garden to help reduce population levels of mealy hemipteron . Pest : WhitefliesWhitefliesare small , wing insects that seem like tiny moths , which snipe many types of plants . The flying grownup leg prefers the underside of leaves to feed and breed . Whiteflies can manifold promptly as a female can place up to 500 bollock in a life history span of 2 months . If a works is infested with whitefly , you will see a cloud of fleeing worm when the plant is disturbed . Whiteflies can weaken a plant , eventually leading to plant last if they are not checked . They can transmit many harmful plant viruses . They also produce a sweet-smelling core called honeydew ( covet by pismire ) which can direct to an unattractive black surface fungous emergence call coal-black mold .
Possible control : keep mourning band down ; enjoyment screen in windows to keep them out ; remove infested plants away from non - infested flora ; use a musing mulch ( aluminum foil ) under plants ( this repels whiteflies ) ; sand trap with yellow muggy visiting card , apply labeled pesticide ; boost born enemies such as parasitic wasps in the garden ; and sometimes a good steady cascade of weewee will lave them off the flora . Pest : Slugs and SnailsSlugs and snailsfavor moist climates and are mollusk , not insects . They can be voracious feeders , eating just about anything that is not woody or extremely scented . They may eat hole in leaves , landing strip entire root word , or completely devour seedlings and tender transplanting , get out behind tell - taradiddle silvery , slimy trails .
Prevention and control : Keep your garden as neat as potential , eliminating hiding plaza such as folio debris , over - turned pots , and tarps . Groundcover in shadowed places and expectant mulches provide protection from the elements and can be preferred concealing places . In the bound , patrol for and destroy ball ( clump of small semitransparent orbit ) and adults during crepuscle and dawn . fix out beer traps from later spring through fall .
Many chemical substance ascendancy are usable on the market , but can be vicious and deadly for children and pets ; take tutelage when using them - always read the recording label first!Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis ordinarily found on plants that do not have enough air circulation or adequate ignitor . Problems are regretful where night are cool and days are warm and humid . The powdery blanched or gray-headed fungus is normally discover on the upper surface of leaf or fruit . Leaves will often turn yellow or brownish , coil up , and devolve off . Modern foliage emerge crinkled and distorted . Fruit will be dwarfed and often spend too soon .
Prevention and Control : Plant resistant varieties and space flora properly so they experience adequate light and air circulation . Always water from below , keeping water off the foliage . This is preponderant for rosebush . Go easy on the atomic number 7 fertilizer . Apply antimycotic grant to label centering before problem becomes stark and follow counselling on the nose , not missing any command discussion . Sanitation is a must - clean up and take away all leaves , flowers , or debris in the fall and demolish . Fungi : Leaf SpotsLeaf place are make by fungi or bacteria . Brown or black spots and patches may be either ragged or circular , with a H2O soak or yellow - edged appearing . Insects , pelting , dirty garden tools , or even people can help its spread .
Prevention and Control : Remove infect leaves when the flora is dry . Leaves that pile up around the base of the plant should be glance over up and disposed of . deflect overhead irrigation if possible ; water supply should be directed at ground spirit level . For fungal leaf spot , practice a recommended fungicide agree to label steering .
gadfly : Scale InsectsScales are insects , related to mealy microbe , that can be a job on a all-encompassing variety of plant - indoor and outdoor . Young scales crawl until they find a good feeding situation . The grownup females then lose their legs and remain on a spot protected by its hard cuticle level . They appear as bump , often on the lower sides of leaves . They have thrust mouth parts that suck the sap out of works tissue . Scales can undermine a plant leading to yellow foliation and folio fall . They also produce a sweet substance called honeydew ( covet by ants ) which can lead to an unattractive black surface fungous ontogenesis called pitchy mould .
Prevention and Control : Once install they are hard to control . Isolate infest works aside from those that are not infest . Consult your local garden heart professional or Cooperative Extension office in your county for a legal recommendation regarding their control . boost natural enemies such as parasitical wasps in the garden . Fungi : Sooty MoldSooty mould is a fungus that is find on the aerofoil of leaves . It feeds on honeydew melon egest from aphids , mealy glitch , scale , or ants . Though not serious , it is untempting when it covers / blackens the leaves and stem of the plant . The best way to keep in line jet-black mold is to verify the louse that make the honeydew melon . Sooty mold can usually be wiped from leave of absence with a damp cloth or washed away with a hose - end nebulizer .
