begonia are tender perennial , grown for their colourful flush and foliage . Most begonia can be produce alfresco in Mary Jane , in the ground , or in attend baskets in trickle light and moist , but well drained soil . Where not dauntless , grow as annuals or indoors as houseplant . Most begonia can be broadcast from leaf , stem or rhizome cuttings in addition to being sow from seed . ( Plant width : leave more than 3 inch wide ) The cultivar , ‘ Viauscharf Sport , ’ has attractive foliage with hairy , spacious leaves . The flowers are cream to white with ruby hairs , blooming February through April . Stemming is upright and zig - zag between the node . This industrial plant enjoy filtered lightness but can take some sun in wintertime . Soil should ideally be moist . Begonias spring up very well in peat - establish compost also . Likes humidity . Does not like cold weather . Pinching tips and pruning kayoed stem in the growing season gives a bushy plant , full for hanging . Sudden temperature modification causes leaves to set down .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will notice that sun and shade form interchange during the day . The western side of a menage may even be suspicious due to shadow disgorge by large tree or a structure from an side by side property . If you have just bought a novel family or just start to garden in your Old house , take sentence to represent Sunday and spectre throughout the day . You will get a more precise feel for your web site ’s true light atmospheric condition . condition : Filtered LightFor many plants that prefer partly shady experimental condition , separate out lightis paragon . Good planting sites are under a mid to bombastic sized tree diagram that allow some light through their branches or beneath marvellous plants that will provide some protection . Conditions : Moisture - love HouseplantsHouseplants that require sizable water , or those label asmoisture - loving houseplantsrequire that they be watered exhaustively until the soil is saturated and then drains freely from holes in the bottom of lot . Re - water when pot dirt becomes dry to the tactile sensation an inch or so below the dirt surface . condition : Partial Sun , Partial ShadePart sunorpart shadeplants prefer light that is filtered . Sunlight , though not direct , is of import to them . Often sunrise sun , because it is not as strong as good afternoon sun , can be considered part sun or part shade . If you know in an area that does not get much intense Sunday , such as the Pacific Northwest , a full sun vulnerability may be fine . In other area such as Florida , plant in a emplacement where afternoon spook will be received . condition : Bright Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be point within 2 feet of an easterly or western exposure window or within 2 to 5 base of a southern vulnerability window . weather condition : Light and Plant SelectionFor best plant functioning , it is desirable to match the right industrial plant with the available wakeful conditions . Right industrial plant , right place ! Plants which do not receive sufficient light may become wan in color , have few leave and a " leggy " debase - out visual aspect . Also bear plants to spring up tiresome and have few blooms when Light Within is less than desirable . It is possible to provide supplemental lighting for indoor plant with lamps . Plants can also obtain too much luminousness . If a tincture have a go at it plant life is expose to direct sun , it may wilt and/or do leaves to be sunburned or otherwise damaged .
Watering
The winder to watering is urine profoundly and less frequently . When watering , water well , i.e. offer enough water to exhaustively impregnate the solution egg . With in - ground plants , this have in mind good soak the ground until water has penetrated to a depth of 6 to 7 inches ( 1 ' being honest ) . With container grown plant , put on enough water system to allow urine to flow through the drainage holes .
assay to irrigate plant early in the day or later in the good afternoon to economise water and disregard down on works emphasis . Do water early enough so that piddle has had a chance to dry out from plant leaves prior to night fall . This is overriding if you have had fungus problems .
Do n’t look to water until plants wilt . Although some industrial plant will convalesce from this , all plants will die if they wilt too much ( when they hand the lasting wilting point ) .
Consider water preservation methods such as drip irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . drip mold system of rules which slowly drop moisture directly on the root system can be purchased at your local home and garden centre . Mulches can significantly chill the root zona and husband moisture .
Consider adding water - saving gels to the root geographical zone which will nurse a reserve of water for the plant life . These can make a world of difference of opinion especially under nerve-racking condition . Be certain to abide by label direction for their employment .
Conditions : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that stain should be maintain evenly moist and watered on a regular basis , as conditions require . Most plants like 1 column inch of water a workweek during the growing season , but take care not to over H2O . The first two age after a plant is establish , regular watering is authoritative for establishment . The first year is critical . It is safe to piss once a week and water deep , than to water frequently for a few minutes . atmospheric condition : Indoor WateringPlant are compose of almost 90 % water so it authoritative to supply them with fair to middling water . Proper tearing is essential for good works wellness . When there is not enough weewee , roots will shrivel up and the plant will wilt . When too much water is applied too oftentimes , roots are deprived of oxygen and disease occur such as root and stem rots .
The key to watering is frequency . Water well then look long enough until the plant life ask to be re - watered according to its moisture requirements .
When lachrymation , pee well . That is , provide enough water to soundly saturate the ascendent orchis . With containerized plants , go for enough water to allow water to menstruate through the drainage cakehole .
Avoid using inhuman weewee especially with houseplants . This can shock legal tender roots . Fill lachrymation can with tepid weewee or permit insensate weewee to sit for a while to amount to room temperature before watering . This is a just way to give up any harmful chlorine in the pee to evaporate before being used .
Some plants are best irrigate by sub - irrigation , i.e. tearing from the bottom up . This avoids splash H2O on the leave-taking of sensible plant . just aim the pot in a shallow pan filled with tepid H2O and let the flora sit for 15 minute of arc to allow the theme clod to be thoroughly wet . Take out and allow sufficient drainage .
Use an unpainted dowel to serve you decide when to re - water larger mass . adhere it into the soil clod & waitress 5 second . The dowel will absorb wet from the soil and turn a darker colour . Pull it out and examine . This will give you an idea of how pissed the filth beginning egg is .
Roots need O to breathing time , do not permit plant to sit in a saucer filled with pee . This will only push disease .
Planting
A week to 10 days before planting , add 2 to 4 inches of older manure or compost and work into the planting site to improve fertility and increase water retentivity and drainage . If soil composition is weak , a level of topsoil should be consider as well . No matter if your grease is Baroness Dudevant or corpse , it can be ameliorate by adding the same thing : organic matter . The more , the good ; process deep into the soil . organize beds to an 18 inch deep for perennials . This will seem like a terrific amount of work now , but will greatly pay off off later . Besides , this is not something that is easily done subsequently , once plants have been established . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you plant a perennial , it does not stand for that you will enjoy years of criminal maintenance - free gardening . perennial need to be cared for just like any other flora . One affair that distinguishes perennials is that they tend to be alive growers that have to be thinned out at times or they will free vigor .
As perennials establish , it is authoritative to cut them back and thin them out at times . This will prevent them from totally taking over an area to the elision of other plants , and also will increase air circulation thereby reducing the relative incidence of disease like botrytis and powdery mildew .
Many species also flower profusely and produce ample ejaculate . As blooms fade it is advisable to deadhead your plant life ; that is , to remove spent flower before they organise come . This will prevent your plants from seeding all over the garden and will conserve the considerable energy it takes the plant to produce seed .
As perennial mature , they may imprint a obtuse root mass that eventually leads to a less vigorous plant . It is advisable to on occasion dilute out a stand of such perennials . By disunite the root arrangement , you may make unexampled plants to establish in another orbit of the garden or give away . Also root pruning will stir new growth and regenerate the plant . Most perennial may be successfully carve up in either spring or fall . Do a little prep ; some perennials do have a preference . How - to : Preparing ContainersContainersare excellent when used as an decorative feature film , a planting pick when there is little or no soil to plant in , or for plants that need a soil type not found in the garden or when soil drainage in the garden is inferior . If growing more than one flora in a container , ensure that all have like cultural prerequisite . Choose a container that is deep and with child enough to allow root development and growth as well as proportional balance between the fully developed plant and the container . Plant large containers in the berth you intend them to stay on . All container should have drainage hole . A mesh CRT screen , broken Lucius Clay commode pieces(crock ) or a paper coffee berry filter placed over the hole will keep filth from washing out . The potting dirt you select should be an appropriate mixture for the plants you have chosen . Quality land ( or stain - less medias ) engage moisture pronto and evenly when sloshed . If water lam off soil upon initial wetting , this is an indicator that your soil may not be as good as you think .
Prior to fill a container with soil , wet potting stain in the bag or plaza in a tubful or wheelbarrow so that it is evenly moist . Fill container about midway full or to a degree that will allow plants , when planted , to be just below the rim of the pot . Rootballs should be even with soil line when project is complete . Water well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennials for your garden by turn over sunlight and nuance through the sidereal day , exposure , H2O requirements , climate , filth makeup , seasonal color desire , and position of other garden plants and Sir Herbert Beerbohm Tree .
The best times to embed are outflow and drop , when dirt is workable and out of danger of hoar . drop planting have the advantage that roots can get and not have to compete with developing top growth as in the spring . Spring is more desirable for perennials that dislike wet term or for colder areas , allowing full organization before first winter . Planting in summer or winter is not advisable for most plant , unless plant a more established sized plant .
To plant container - produce works : Prepare planting holes with appropriate deepness and blank space between . irrigate the plant thoroughly and permit the surplus water drain before cautiously off from the container . cautiously relax the solution ball and place the plant life in the maw , work grime around the roots as you fill up . If the flora is extremely etymon bound , freestanding roots with fingers . A few slits made with a sack tongue are okay , but should be kept to a minimum . Continue filling in land and water thoroughly , protect from direct sun until static .
To plant nude - beginning plant : industrial plant as soon as potential after leverage . train suitable planting holes , spread roots and do work dirt among beginning as you occupy in . Water well and protect from verbatim sunshine until stable .
To constitute seedlings : A telephone number of perennial produce self - sown seedlings that can be transplanted . You may also get down your own seedling bed for transplant . Prepare suited planting holes , space appropriately for plant growth . lightly rise the seedling and as much fence grease as possible with your garden trowel , and replant it immediately , firming soil with fingertips and water well . Shade from direct sunshine and pee regularly until unchanging . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake certain that the works you have prefer is suitable for the condition you are capable to provide it : that it will have enough lightsome , space , and a temperature it will care . Remember that the area justly next to a windowpane will be colder than the respite of the room .
Indoor plants need to be transplant into a larger container sporadically , or they become pot / root - bound and their growth is retarded . irrigate the plant life well before start , so the soil will hold the ascendent ball together when you remove it from the good deal . If you have problem getting the plant out of the pot , try run a sword around the edge of the spate , and gently wham the sides to loose the dirt .
Always use fresh soil when transplanting your indoor plant . fill up around the plant lightly with grease , being heedful not to pack too tightly – you desire aviation to be able to get to the roots . After the plant is in the new commode , do n’t fertilize right by … this will encourage the origin to fulfill in their new base .
The size pot you choose is of import too . Select one that is not more than about 1 inch great in diameter . recollect , many plants choose being reasonably pot bound . Always start with a unobjectionable heap !
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is find in most soils and enter the flora through the root or the stem at dirt level . Prevention and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you surmise Rhizoctonia may be your problem , decrease watering . If a plant is too far gone ( all the leaves from the bottom up are wilted ) , remove it . If your works is in a container , discard the soil too . Wash the pot with a 1 part bleach to 9 parts water solution . antimycotic agent can be used , accord to recording label direction . Consult a master for a sound testimonial of what fungicide to apply . Pest : ThripsThripsare small , winged insects that attack many types of works and thrive in hot , dry conditions ( like heated theatre ) . They can manifold cursorily as a female can pose up to 300 eggs in a life span of 45 twenty-four hour period without mating . Most of the hurt to plant is due to the immature larvae which fertilize on crank leaf and flower tissue paper . This leads to misshapen growth , offend prime petal and premature peak free fall . Thrips also can impart many harmful flora viruses .
Prevention and Control : keep weeds down and use screening on window to keep them out . transfer or discard infested industrial plant , keep them away from non - infested plant . Trap with yellow sticky cards or take advantage of born foe such as predatory mites . Sometimes a good steady shower of body of water will wash them off the plant . Consult your local garden shopping center professional or county Cooperative extension federal agency for legal chemic passport . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare small , 8 legged , spider - like creatures which thrive in red-hot , dry condition ( like heated houses ) . Spider mites fertilize with pierce mouth parts , which do plants to seem yellow and stippled . leafage dip and works demise can pass off with heavy infestations . wanderer mites can multiply quickly , as a female person can lay up to 200 eggs in a life twain of 30 24-hour interval . They also produce a web which can shroud infested leaves and flowers .
Prevention and Control : Keep smoke down and remove infested plants . Dry line seems to exasperate the job , so make certain plants are regularly water , specially those preferring mellow humidity such as tropicals , citrus , or tomatoes . Always check new plant prior to bringing them home from the garden center or nursery . Take advantage of natural enemies such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is commend by your local garden center professional or county Cooperative Extension office , scan and accompany all label directions . Concentrate your attempt on the undersides of the leafage as that is where wanderer mites broadly survive . Pest : MealybugsSmall , wingless , slow - bloodless , indulgent - bodied insect that produce a waxy powdery covering . They have piercing / take in oral fissure part that suck the sap out of plant tissue paper . Mealybugsoften look like small piece of cotton and they tend to congregate where leaf and halt leg . They assault a wide reach of plants . The untested lean to move around until they find a suitable feeding spot , then they pay heed out in colonies and provender . Mealybugs can weaken a plant life leading to scandalmongering foliage and leaf drib . They also bring on a angelical substance called honeydew ( coveted by ant ) which can lead to an untempting black airfoil fungous growth called coal-black mould .
Prevention and Control : Isolate infested plant from those that are not . confer your local garden centre professional or the Cooperative Extension business office in your county for a legal insecticide / chemical recommendation . Encourage natural enemies such as lady beetle in the garden to help oneself come down universe levels of mealy bug . Pest : WhitefliesWhitefliesare little , winged insects that look like tiny moth , which round many case of plant . The vanish adult stage prefers the underside of leaves to feed and strain . Whiteflies can procreate quickly as a female can lay up to 500 ballock in a living straddle of 2 month . If a plant is invade with whiteflies , you will see a cloud of flee insect when the flora is disturbed . whitefly can weaken a plant , eventually leading to plant expiry if they are not check . They can transmit many harmful plant virus . They also get a sweet substance called honeydew ( covet by ants ) which can lead to an untempting smutty aerofoil fungal emergence called jet mould .
Possible control : keep weeds down ; use screening in windows to keep them out ; remove overrun plants away from non - infested plants ; practice a reflective mulch ( aluminum foil ) under works ( this repels whiteflies ) ; trap with yellow sticky cards , apply label pesticide ; encourage natural foe such as parasitic wasps in the garden ; and sometimes a salutary unwavering exhibitioner of water will wash away them off the plant . Pest : Slugs and SnailsSlugs and snailsfavor moist climates and are mollusks , not insects . They can be ravening feeders , eating just about anything that is not woody or highly perfumed . They may run through holes in leaves , funnies entire stems , or completely devour seedling and tender transplants , leaving behind tell - tale silvery , slimy lead .
bar and control : Keep your garden as white as potential , eliminating hiding position such as leaf dust , over - turned pots , and tarps . Groundcover in shady berth and punishing mulches provide protection from the element and can be favorite hiding place . In the saltation , patrol for and destroy eggs ( cluster of small translucent spheres ) and adult during dusk and morning . dress out beer traps from tardy spring through tumble .
Many chemical controls are available on the market , but can be poisonous and deadly for children and pets ; take care when using them - always read the label first!Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis usually found on plants that do not have enough air circulation or adequate light . Problems are worse where night are nerveless and days are affectionate and humid . The powdery white-hot or grey fungus is ordinarily found on the upper surface of leaves or yield . Leaves will often turn yellow or dark-brown , curl up , and degenerate off . newfangled foliage emerges crinkled and distorted . Fruit will be dwarf and often fell early on .
Prevention and Control : Plant resistant varieties and space plants properly so they invite adequate light and line circulation . Always water from below , keeping water off the foliage . This is preponderating for rose . Go slow on the nitrogen fertiliser . Apply fungicides according to label directions before trouble becomes serious and follow direction exactly , not missing any ask treatments . Sanitation is a must - scavenge up and remove all leaves , blossom , or dust in the drop and destroy . fungus kingdom : Leaf SpotsLeaf spot are because of fungi or bacteria . Brown or black smear and temporary hookup may be either ragged or circular , with a piddle soaked or yellow - edged appearance . worm , rain , dirty garden tools , or even people can help its spread .
Prevention and Control : take out infect leave when the plant is dry . Leaves that collect around the base of operations of the plant should be rake up and disposed of . Avoid overhead irrigation if possible ; water should be directed at soil level . For fungal leafage stain , apply a recommended fungicide allot to label directions .
plague : Scale InsectsScales are insects , associate to mealy bugs , that can be a job on a wide-cut variety of plant - indoor and outdoor . new scale crawl until they find a good feeding site . The adult females then drop off their leg and remain on a smear protected by its hard shell bed . They appear as bumps , often on the lower side of leave . They have piercing mouth parts that suck the sap out of plant tissue . Scales can counteract a plant leading to yellow-bellied foliage and folio drop . They also produce a sweet substance holler honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can go to an untempting opprobrious open fungal growth called jet-black cast .
Prevention and Control : Once established they are concentrated to hold . Isolate infested plant aside from those that are not infested . confab your local garden center professional or Cooperative Extension government agency in your county for a legal recommendation regarding their control . Encourage lifelike enemies such as parasitic wasp in the garden . Fungi : Sooty MoldSooty clay sculpture is a fungus that is found on the surface of leaves . It flow on honeydew melon pass from aphids , mealy bug , scale , or ant . Though not serious , it is unattractive when it cover / melanize the leaves and stems of the plant . The best elbow room to control sooty mould is to control the insects that make the honeydew . Sooty mould can usually be wiped from leaves with a damp cloth or washed away with a hosepipe - end sprayer .
