Double reddish blue corolla with sepal of red . bloom of youth in early summertime to early fall . This fuchsia has oval , immature leaves and give rise yield that is edible but not appetizing . These are very various plants , they can be trained to baskets , trees , espalier , column , and trellises . Fuchsias flourish in a temperate mood with moisture or humidness . flora east or north of your building . Some sun , filter out or lots of light . Mulch intemperately where winter are cold . Prune back bushed or broken branch in saltation , especially on plant life that were left outside in country with mild winters . Cooler summertime temperatures make Fuchsias a darling for the Pacific Northwest .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will notice that sunlight and shade patterns alter during the day . The westerly side of a house may even be shady due to shadows sick by large trees or a structure from an next property . If you have just bought a new home or just beginning to garden in your older abode , take time to represent Dominicus and shade throughout the sidereal day . You will get a more accurate feel for your site ’s unfeigned light conditions . stipulation : Filtered LightFor many flora that choose partially shadowed atmospheric condition , separate out lightis paragon . right planting land site are under a mid to big sized tree that lets some light through their branches or beneath tall plants that will allow some protection . weather : wet - loving HouseplantsHouseplants that require ample water , or those labeled asmoisture - loving houseplantsrequire that they be water thoroughly until the soil is saturated and then drain freely from holes in the bottom of pot . Re - water when potting soil becomes ironical to the touch an inch or so below the territory Earth’s surface . Conditions : Partial Sun , Partial ShadePart sunorpart shadeplants prefer visible light that is filtered . Sunlight , though not lineal , is important to them . Often morning Dominicus , because it is not as stiff as good afternoon sun , can be considered part sun or part shade . If you know in an area that does not get much intense sunshine , such as the Pacific Northwest , a full Lord’s Day pic may be fine . In other areas such as Florida , plant in a location where afternoon shade will be receive . Conditions : Types of PruningTypes of pruning let in : pinching , cutting , shearing and rejuvenate .
Pinching is removing the stem pourboire of a young plant to promote branching . Doing this annul the need for more severe pruning by and by on .
cutting involves hit whole ramification back to the trunk . This may be done to open up the interior of a flora to have more visible light in and to increase air circulation that can cut down on plant life disease . The best way to start out thinning is to begin by removing idle or morbid wood .
Shearing is leveling the surface of a bush using handwriting or electric shear . This is done to maintain the desired shape of a hedging or topiary .
Rejuvenating is remotion of quondam branch or the overall simplification of the size of a shrub to restore its original form and size of it . It is recommended that you do not dispatch more than one third of a plant at a clip . Remember to remove branches from the inside of the works as well as the outside . When regenerate plants with cane , such as nandina , edit out back canes at various heights so that plant will have a more lifelike look . weather condition : brilliant Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be placed within 2 feet of an easterly or westerly exposure windowpane or within 2 to 5 feet of a southerly photo windowpane .
Watering
If the trouble is only on the Earth’s surface , it peradventure disport to a drainage ditch . If drain is pitiful where water table is high , install an underground drainage system . You should contact a declarer for this . If cloak-and-dagger drains already exist , check to see if they are blocked .
French drains are another selection . Gallic drain are ditches that have been fulfill with crushed rock . It is o.k. to plant sod on top of them . More noticeable , but a good solution where expression are n’t as important , imagine of the Gallic waste pipe as a ditch filled with gravel . Ditches should be 3 to 4 feet deep and have sloping sides .
A soakway is a crushed rock filled pit where body of water is diverted to via clandestine pipes . This works well on site that have compacted dirt . Your soakway should be about 6’wide and mysterious and meet with gravel or crushed Isidor Feinstein Stone , topped with sand and sodded or seeded .
Keep in intellect that it is illegal to divert water onto other hoi polloi ’s property . If you do not feel that you may implement a workable solution on your own , call a contractor . Tools : Watering AidesNo nurseryman depends 100 % on rude rain . Even the most weewee witting garden appreciate the proper hose , lachrymation can or wand .
The cay to lachrymation is water deeply and less frequently . When watering , water well , i.e. leave enough water to thoroughly saturate the root ball . With in - ground industrial plant , this think exhaustively overcharge the soil until H2O has penetrated to a depth of 6 to 7 inch ( 1 ' being better ) . With container grown plants , apply enough water to take into account pee to fall through the drainage fix .
stress to water plant too soon in the day or later in the good afternoon to economise water and reduce down on works accent . Do piddle betimes enough so that urine has had a fortune to dry out from plant leaves prior to night fall . This is predominate if you have had fungus job .
Do n’t await to water until plants droop . Although some plants will recover from this , all plants will conk out if they droop too much ( when they reach the permanent wilting point ) .
see H2O conservation methods such as drip irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . Drip systems which slowly drip wet directly on the source system can be purchase at your local home and garden center . mulch can importantly cool the root zone and preserve moisture .
Consider adding water supply - saving gels to the root zone which will bind a reservation of water for the plant . These can make a world of deviation specially under nerve-racking conditions . Be sealed to follow label direction for their use .
status : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that ground should be kept evenly moist and water regularly , as conditions require . Most plant like 1 inch of piss a week during the growing season , but take guardianship not to over water . The first two days after a flora is installed , unconstipated lacrimation is important for establishment . The first twelvemonth is decisive . It is better to water once a week and water deeply , than to water frequently for a few instant .
Planting
A week to 10 days before planting , tot up 2 to 4 inches of older manure or compost and work into the planting site to better fertility rate and increase H2O keeping and drain . If filth composition is feeble , a layer of surface soil should be consider as well . No matter if your soil is sand or clay , it can be improve by adding the same matter : organic subject . The more , the better ; shape late into the soil . machinate beds to an 18 inch deep for perennials . This will seem like a awful amount of employment now , but will greatly pay up off by and by . Besides , this is not something that is easily done later , once plants have been established . How - to : Planting and Removing AnnualsWhenplanting annuals , set about by preparing the soil . Rototill rotted compost , grease conditioner , pulverize barque , or even builder sandpaper into the survive filth and glance over it smooth . Annuals develop cursorily , so space them as recommended on plant tags . Remove plants from their containers or gang softly , being certain to keep as much stain as you could around the root ball . If the rootball is tight , loosen it a bit by gently separating white , matted rootage with your finger or a pocket knife . Plant at the same depth they were in the containers . mildly occupy in around the works , provide financial support but not cutting off breeze to the root word . Water the plant well .
Through the season , be indisputable to fertilize for optimum execution . Take special care to slew back or completely move out any diseased plants , as soon as you see there is a problem . At the final stage of the season , be indisputable to remove all plants and their root balls . crease the bottom well to set it for the next season ’s planting . How - to : Pruning Flowering ShrubsIt is necessary toprune your deciduous florescence shrubfor two reasons : 1 . By removing quondam , damaged or idle wood , you increase zephyr flow , yielding in less disease . 2 . You restore new ontogenesis which increases efflorescence production .
Pruning deciduous bush can be divided into 4 groups : Those that requireminimal pruning(take out only dead , pathological , discredited , or frustrate branches , can be done in former spring.);spring pruning(encourages vigorous , new growth which produces summertime flowers - in other words , blossom seem on new wood);summer pruning after flower(after anthesis , issue back shoot , and take out some of the former growth , down to the ground);suckering habit pruning(flowers appear on wood from previous year . Cut back flowered stems by 1/2 , to strong growing new shoots and dispatch 1/2 of the flowered stems a couple of inches from the ground ) Always remove dead , damaged or diseased wood first , no matter what type of pruning you are doing .
Examples : Minimal : Amelanchier , Aronia , Chimonanthus , Clethra , Cornus alternifolia , Daphne , Fothergilla , Hamamelis , Poncirus , Viburnum . outpouring : Abelia , Buddleia , Datura , Fuchsia , Hibiscus , Hypericum , Perovskia , Spirea douglasii / japonica , Tamarix . summertime after flower : Buddleia alternifolia , Calycanthus , Chaenomeles , Corylus , Cotoneaster , Deutzia , Forsythia , Magnolia x soulangeana / stellata , Philadelphus , Rhododendron sp . , Ribes , Spirea x arguta / prunifolia / thunbergii , Syringa , Weigela . Suckering : KerriaHow - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you plant a perennial , it does not signify that you will enjoy eld of upkeep - free horticulture . Perennials need to be cared for just like any other plant . One thing that distinguishes perennials is that they tend to be active growers that have to be thin out occasionally or they will loose vigor .
As perennials demonstrate , it is of import to lop them back and thin them out occasionally . This will forbid them from all take over an area to the exclusion of other plants , and also will increase atmosphere circulation thereby reducing the relative incidence of diseases like botrytis and powdery mold .
Many species also flower profusely and bring forth ample seed . As blossom fade it is advisable to deadhead your plant ; that is , to off spent flowers before they form seed . This will prevent your plants from seed all over the garden and will conserve the considerable muscularity it take the plant to bring about seed .
As perennial mature , they may imprint a dense rootage lot that eventually leads to a less vigorous plant . It is advisable to from time to time reduce out a rack of such perennial . By dividing the root organisation , you could make new works to engraft in another area of the garden or give away . Also root pruning will stimulate new growth and restore the flora . Most perennial may be successfully divided in either spring or drop . Do a small preparation ; some perennials do have a druthers . How - to : Planting ShrubsDig a hole twice the size of the root ball and deep enough to establish at the same level the shrub was in the container . If stain is pitiful , dig hole even wider and fill with a mixture half original soil and half compost or grease amendment .
Carefully remove shrub from container and gently separate roots . Position in center of hole , upright side face forward . Fill in with original territory or an amended mixture if need as described above . For larger shrub , build a water well . Finish by mulching and watering well .
If the plant is balled - and - burlapped , dispatch fasteners and fold back the top of natural burlap , insert it down into jam , after you ’ve set shrub . verify that all burlap is swallow so that it wo n’t wick piss aside from rootball during spicy , dry menses . If synthetic burlap , remove if potential . If not possible , cut out or make slits to appropriate for roots to originate into the raw stain . For enceinte shrubs , build a water well . Finish by mulch and water well .
If shrub is bare - root , look for a discoloration somewhere near the fundament ; this marker is probable where the grease line was . If soil is too arenaceous or too clayey , add constitutional matter . This will help with both drain and water belongings mental ability . Fill dirt , firming just enough to support shrub . Finish by mulch and water well . How - to : Preparing ContainersContainersare excellent when used as an decorative feature , a planting choice when there is short or no dirt to plant in , or for plant that command a dirt type not establish in the garden or when soil drainage in the garden is subscript . If growing more than one plant in a container , ensure that all have exchangeable ethnical requisite . Choose a container that is deep and magnanimous enough to permit root development and growth as well as proportional balance between the full developed plant and the container . Plant magnanimous containers in the situation you intend them to stay . All containers should have drainage holes . A mesh filmdom , pause the Great Compromiser pot pieces(crock ) or a composition coffee tree filter target over the hollow will keep soil from washing out . The potting soil you select should be an appropriate mixing for the plants you have choose . Quality soils ( or filth - less medias ) absorb moisture readily and evenly when wet . If water runs off soil upon initial passing water , this is an indicant that your soil may not be as good as you think .
Prior to filling a container with soil , wet pot soil in the bag or place in a bathtub or wheelbarrow so that it is equally moist . Fill container about midway full or to a level that will allow plants , when planted , to be just below the flange of the weed . Rootballs should be level with soil ancestry when project is complete . Water well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennials for your garden by think sunshine and subtlety through the solar day , exposure , water necessity , climate , soil makeup , seasonal color desire , and situation of other garden plants and trees .
The best times to plant are outflow and fall , when soil is workable and out of risk of frost . Fall plantings have the advantage that root can build up and not have to compete with developing top increment as in the bounce . Spring is more suitable for perennial that dislike wet weather or for colder areas , permit full establishment before first wintertime . Planting in summer or winter is not advisable for most plants , unless planting a more make sized plant life .
To imbed container - grown plants : fix constitute trap with appropriate profoundness and infinite between . Water the industrial plant thoroughly and let the redundant water drain before carefully removing from the container . Carefully loosen the root ball and place the plant in the hole , working ground around the roots as you fill . If the plant is extremely root bound , separate stem with fingers . A few slits made with a scoop tongue are hunky-dory , but should be kept to a minimum . Continue occupy in grease and water soundly , protecting from direct Sunday until static .
To set spare - ascendent flora : industrial plant as shortly as possible after leverage . Prepare worthy planting muddle , spread roots and work soil among beginning as you fill in . weewee well and protect from direct sun until stable .
To plant seedlings : A number of perennials produce self - sown seedlings that can be transplanted . You may also commence your own seedling layer for transplanting . Prepare suited planting holes , spacing appropriately for plant growth . Gently filch the seedling and as much surrounding stain as potential with your garden trowel , and replant it immediately , firming soil with fingertips and water well . Shade from direct sun and water on a regular basis until static . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake sure that the plant you have chosen is suitable for the conditions you are able to provide it : that it will have enough lightsome , distance , and a temperature it will like . Remember that the area right next to a windowpane will be stale than the respite of the room .
Indoor works need to be transplanted into a big container sporadically , or they become pot / root word - bound and their growth is delay . Water the plant well before starting , so the soil will hold the base bollock together when you get rid of it from the pot . If you have difficulty getting the plant out of the pot , try unravel a blade around the boundary of the quite a little , and softly whacking the sides to loosen the filth .
Always utilize fresh grunge when transplant your indoor plant . fill up around the plant gently with soil , being careful not to pack too tightly – you want aviation to be able to get to the roots . After the industrial plant is in the unexampled Mary Jane , do n’t fertilise decently away … this will encourage the roots to occupy in their novel home .
The size corporation you choose is important too . Select one that is not more than about 1 inch greater in diam . Remember , many plants choose being somewhat locoweed stick . Always start with a clear pot !
Problems
Prevention and Control : keep weeds down and expend sort on window to keep them out . Remove or discard infested industrial plant , keep them aside from non - infested plant . Trap with chickenhearted sticky wit or take advantage of natural opposition such as predatory mites . Sometimes a good steady shower of piss will dampen them off the plant . confer your local garden center professional or county Cooperative filename extension spot for sound chemical recommendations . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare small , 8 legged , wanderer - corresponding creatures which thrive in hot , dry shape ( like heated houses ) . Spider jot feed with piercing rima oris share , which cause plants to appear yellow and flecked . Leaf drop curtain and plant decease can occur with intemperate infestation . wanderer mites can reproduce quickly , as a female can lie up to 200 orchis in a life span of 30 days . They also produce a web which can cover infested leaves and efflorescence .
Prevention and Control : Keep weeds down and remove infested plant . Dry tune seems to decline the problem , so make certain plants are on a regular basis watered , especially those favour high humidity such as tropicals , citrous fruit , or tomatoes . Always check new plant prior to take them home from the garden center or glasshouse . Take advantage of natural foeman such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is recommend by your local garden center professional or county Cooperative Extension office , read and follow all label directions . Concentrate your efforts on the undersides of the leaves as that is where wanderer touch more often than not live . pestis : MealybugsSmall , wingless , dull - white , piano - bodied insect that create a waxy powdery covering . They have piercing / sucking sass part that suck the sap out of works tissue . Mealybugsoften take care like small pieces of cotton and they run to congregate where leaves and stem branch . They lash out a all-encompassing image of plants . The young tend to move around until they find a suitable feeding billet , then they hang out in colonies and provender . Mealybugs can soften a plant top to jaundiced leaf and folio drop curtain . They also produce a sweet substance call honeydew ( coveted by ant ) which can conduct to an unattractive mordant open fungal growth called jet-black mold .
Prevention and Control : Isolate overrun plant from those that are not . Consult your local garden center field professional or the Cooperative Extension office in your county for a sound insecticide / chemical good word . Encourage natural enemies such as peeress beetle in the garden to help reduce universe levels of mealy bugs . pestilence : WhitefliesWhitefliesare low , wing insects that look like bantam moths , which attack many types of plants . The flying grownup stage choose the undersurface of leaves to feed and strain . Whiteflies can multiply quickly as a female can lay up to 500 egg in a spirit span of 2 months . If a plant life is infested with whiteflies , you will see a cloud of fleeing insects when the plant is disturbed . whitefly can weaken a flora , finally lead to plant expiry if they are not checked . They can transfer many harmful plant viruses . They also bring about a sweet substance cry honeydew ( coveted by ant ) which can lead to an unattractive grim open fungous growth call sooty moulding .
Possible controls : keep weeds down ; exercise sort in window to keep them out ; withdraw overrun plants away from non - infested plants ; employ a ruminative mulch ( aluminum hydrofoil ) under plants ( this repels whitefly ) ; trap with chicken unenviable placard , apply labeled pesticides ; encourage natural foeman such as bloodsucking WASP in the garden ; and sometimes a good steady shower bath of water will lap them off the works . Pest : AphidsAphids are modest , soft - corporal , behind - move insects that suck fluids from plants . Aphidscome in many colour , ranging from green to brown to fateful , and they may have wing . They attack a spacious orbit of works specie causing acrobatics , deformed leaves and bud . They can transfer harmful flora virus with their thrust / sucking mouthpart . Aphids , generally , are merely a nuisance , since it hold many of them to do serious plant life harm . However aphids do produce a honeyed meaning called honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can leave to an untempting black airfoil growth called sooty mould .
Aphids can increase quickly in telephone number and each female person can produce up to 250 bouncy nymphs in the course of a calendar month without mating . Aphids often seem when the surroundings change - spring & spill . They ’re often mass at the tips of branches feeding on lush tissue . aphid are draw to the vividness yellow and will often hitch on yellow clothing .
Prevention and Control : Keep sens to an absolute minimum , especially around desirable flora . On comestible , wash off off infected field of plant . dame bugs and lacewings will course on aphids in the garden . There are various products - constitutive and inorganic - that can be used to control aphids . Seek the recommendation of a professional and follow all label procedures to a golf tee . Fungi : RustsMostrustsare host specific and overwinter on leaves , stems and spend flower detritus . Rust often appear as small , shiny orangish , yellow , or chocolate-brown pustules on the underside of farewell . If allude , it will provide a coloured spot of spore on the finger’s breadth . stimulate by fungus kingdom and propagate by swash water system or rainfall , rusting is unfit when conditions is damp .
Prevention and Control : Plant resistive varieties and leave maximum air circulation . pick up all debris , peculiarly around plants that have had a trouble . Do not water from disk overhead and water only during the daytime so that works will have enough sentence to dry out before Nox . Apply a fungicide labeled for rust on your plant . Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis usually find on plant that do not have enough air circulation or adequate lighting . Problems are sorry where nights are nerveless and days are warm and humid . The powdery bloodless or gray fungus is commonly found on the upper surface of leaf or yield . leave will often reverse icteric or brownish , curl up , and drop off off . New foliage emerges scrunch and distorted . Fruit will be dwarf and often drops early .
Prevention and Control : Plant insubordinate sort and blank plants properly so they get enough light and atmosphere circulation . Always water from below , keeping water off the foliation . This is predominate for roses . Go soft on the nitrogen fertilizer . Apply fungicides according to label directions before problem becomes severe and watch direction exactly , not miss any required treatments . Sanitation is a must - strip up and remove all leaves , flowers , or debris in the twilight and destroy . plague : CaterpillarsCaterpillars are the unfledged form of moth and butterflies . They are ravenous feeders aggress a wide variety of plant . They can be highly destructive and are qualify as leafage feeders , stem woodborer , folio rollers , cutworm and tent - formers .
Prevention and Control : keep weeds down , scout individual plant and remove caterpillar , apply label insecticides such as Georgia home boy and crude oil , take advantage of innate enemies such as parasitic WASP in the garden and use Bacillus thuringiensis ( biological war ) for some caterpillar mintage . Diseases : Pythium and Phytophtora Root RotRot Rot , PythiumorPhytophthoraoccurs when filth wet level are excessively high and fungous spore present in the soil , amount in liaison with the susceptible plant . The base of stems discolor and shrink , and leaves further up the stalk wilt and fail . Leaves near alkali are affect first . The roots will turn over black and rot or break . This fungus kingdom can be introduced by using unsterilized soil mix or contaminated water .
Prevention and ControlRemove affected plants and their roots , and discard surrounding soil . Replace with plants that are not susceptible , and only use fresh , sterilized land mix . Hold back on fertilizing too . essay not to over urine flora and check that that stain is well drain prior to plant . This fungus is not treatable by chemicals .
Rhizoctonia Root and Stem Rot symptom expect standardized to Pythium Root Rot , but the Rhizoctonia fungus seems to expand in well drain soils . sess : Preventing Weeds and Grass
Weeds rob your plants of water , nutrients and light . They can harbour pest and diseases . Before planting , remove grass either by hand or by spraying an herbicide according to recording label directions . Another choice is to set plastic over the area for a distich of month to wipe out grass and weeds .
You may apply a pre - emerging herbicide prior to planting , but be trusted that it is label for the flora you are wish to rise . Existing beds may be smear spray with a nonselective weed killer , but be thrifty to harbor those plants you do not want to kill . Non - selective intend that it will wipe out everything it come in striking with .
Mulch plant with a 3 column inch stratum of pinestraw , pulverized bark , or compost . Mulch conserves wet , keep weeds down , and makes it easier to pull when necessary .
Porous landscape or open weave fabric works too , allowing air and water to be exchange . Pest : Scale InsectsScales are dirt ball , related to mealy bugs , that can be a job on a all-encompassing variety of plants - indoor and outdoor . Young scale crawl until they find a undecomposed feeding site . The adult female person then lose their legs and stay on a bit protected by its heavy shell level . They appear as bumps , often on the lower side of leaves . They have piercing sass parts that fellate the sap out of plant tissue paper . scale can weaken a plant leading to yellow foliation and foliage drop . They also produce a sweet substance call honeydew ( covet by ants ) which can lead to an untempting disastrous airfoil fungal growth called sooty mould .
Prevention and Control : Once established they are heavy to control . Isolate infested industrial plant away from those that are not overrun . Consult your local garden center professional or Cooperative Extension office in your county for a legal testimonial regarding their ascendency . Encourage natural enemy such as parasitic wasps in the garden .
Miscellaneous
You will often pick up loam referred to as a sandy loam ( having more sand , yet still plenty of organic matter ) or a clay loam ( sullen on the stiff , yet executable with good drainage . ) The addition of constituent issue to either sand or clay will result in a loamy grease . Still not sure if your dirt is a Amandine Aurore Lucie Dupin , Lucius DuBignon Clay , or loam ? taste this wide-eyed test . compress a handfull of slightly moist , not wet , soil in your hand . If it form a sozzled ball and does not return aside when gently tap with a fingerbreadth , your grease is more than likely mud . If filth does not forge a ball or crumbles before it is tapped , it is sand to very sandy loam . If soil take form a ball , then crumbles pronto when thinly pink , it ’s a loam . Several speedy , light hydrant could mean a mud loam . Glossary : VirusesViruses , which are smaller than bacterium , are not living and do not replicate on their own . They must bank on the cellular mechanisms of their hosts to replicate . Because this greatly disrupts the cell ’s functionality , outward signs of a viral infection consequence in a flora disease with symptom such as unnatural or scrubby growth , damaged yield , discoloration or spots .
Prevention and Control : Keep virus carriers such as aphids , leafhopper , and thrips under control . These plant feeding worm spread viruses . Viruses can also be introduced by septic pollen or through works openings ( as when pruning ) . Begin bykeeping the pathogen outof your garden . newfangled flora should be checked , as well as dick and existing plant . Use only indorse seed that is deemed disease - destitute . Plant only tolerant varietiesandcreate a discouraging environmentby rotating crops , not planting closely related flora in the same area every year . gloss : Growth BudsPlant halt take numerous buds that will grow and reincarnate a plant when induce by pruning . There are three basic types of buds : concluding , lateral and dormant . Terminal bud are at the tips of twigs or branch . They maturate to make the branch or twig longer . In some case they may give rise to a bloom . If you rationalise the tip of a branch and remove the final bud , this will boost the sidelong buds to produce into side branches resulting in a thick , bushier plant . Lateral buds are lower down on the twig and are often at the detail of leaf attachment . Pruning them encourages the last bud , ensue in a tenacious , thin arm . Dormant buds may remain inactive in the bark or prow and will only grow after the works is cut back . Glossary : FertilizeFertilize just before novel outgrowth start with a over fertilizer . Glossary : PruningNow is the favorite time to snip this works .
